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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >Chemical vapour deposition diamond single crystals with nitrogen-vacancy centres: a review of material synthesis and technology for quantum sensing applications
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Chemical vapour deposition diamond single crystals with nitrogen-vacancy centres: a review of material synthesis and technology for quantum sensing applications

机译：具有氮空位中心的化学气相沉积金刚石单晶：用于量子传感应用的材料合成和技术综述

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摘要

Diamond hosts a wide variety of colour centres that have demonstrated outstanding optical and spin properties. Among them, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre is by far the most investigated owing to its superior characteristics, which promise the development of highly sophisticated quantum devices, in particular for sensing applications. Nevertheless, harnessing the potential of these centres mainly relies on the availability of high quality and purity diamond single crystals that need to be specially designed and engineered for this purpose. Plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition (CVD) has become a key enabling technology in this field of research. Nitrogen can indeed be directly doped in situ into a high crystalline quality diamond matrix in a controlled way, allowing the production of single isolated centres or ensembles that can potentially be integrated into a device. In this paper we will provide an overview of the requirements for synthesizing 'quantum-grade' diamond films using CVD. These include the reduction of impurities and surrounding spins that limit coherence times, the control of NV density in a wide range of concentrations as well as their spatial localization within the diamond. Enhancing the charge state and preferential orientation of the colour centres is also discussed. These improvements in material fabrication have contributed to positioning diamond as one of the most promising solid-state quantum systems and the first industrial applications in sensing are just starting to emerge.
机译：钻石举办各种彩色中心，已展示出色的光学和旋转性能。其中，氮空位（NV）中心是由于其优越特性，这承诺高度复杂量子装置的开发，特别是用于传感应用。尽管如此，利用这些中心的潜力主要依赖于需要专门设计和工程的高质量和纯度金刚石单晶的可用性。等离子体辅助化学气相沉积（CVD）已成为该研究领域的关键能够实现技术。氮气确实可以以受控的方式直接掺杂到高晶体质量的金刚石基质中，允许生产的单个隔离中心或可以集成到装置中的单独的中心。在本文中，我们将概述使用CVD合成“量子级”金刚石胶片的要求。这些包括减少限制相干时间的杂质和周围旋转，控制在各种浓度范围内的NV密度以及金刚石内的空间定位。还讨论了增强颜色中心的充电状态和优先取向。材料制造的这些改进有助于定位金刚石作为最有前途的固态量子系统之一，并且在感测中的第一工业应用只是开始出现。

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