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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >An analytical model of a broadband magnetic energy nanoharvester array with consideration of flexoelectricity and surface effect
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An analytical model of a broadband magnetic energy nanoharvester array with consideration of flexoelectricity and surface effect

机译：宽带磁能纳米河阵列考虑柔性电和表面效应的分析模型

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Based on Hamilton's principle and Mindlin plate theory, a series of 2D equations to describe the mechanical behaviors of magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) laminated nanoplates, is established for the first time with consideration of flexoelectricity and surface effect. The equations derived are general, which not only can be reduced to the corresponding piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, and elastic cases, but can also be degenerated to the classical higher-order plate theory of conventional macroscopic MEE laminates if flexoelectricity and surface effect are neglected. As the typical application, a flexoelectric magnetic energy nanoharvester array with surface effect, consisting of a giant magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D with a nonlinear magneto-thermo-mechanical coupling constitutive relation and a linear piezoelectric layer PZT-4, is investigated systematically under coupled extensional and flexural deformations. After the correctness is confirmed, an important performance index (i.e. output current) of the harvester is discussed for different conditions, including flexoelectricity, surface effect, and nonlinear magneto-mechanical coupling. It has been revealed that flexoelectricity, surface effect, external magnetic field, and pre-stress can dramatically improve the performance of characteristics such as resonant frequencies, bandwidth, and output current of the nanoharvester. Especially, a critical thickness corresponding to the flexoelectricity or surface effect is proposed, below which the size-dependent effect is obvious and must be considered. The current work can be viewed as an innovative theoretical tool for evaluating the size-dependent and nonlinear characteristics qualitatively and quantitatively, which is essential and crucial to understanding the physical and mechanical properties of MEE nanostructures.
机译：根据Hamilton原理和中厚板理论，一系列2D方程来描述磁 - 电 - 弹性（MEE）的机械行为层叠纳米片，在建立首次考虑的flexoelectricity和表面效果。推导出的方程一般，它不仅可以被还原成相应的压电，压磁，和弹性的情况下，但如果flexoelectricity和表面效果被忽略，也可退化到常规宏观MEE层压材料的经典高阶板理论。作为典型应用中，挠曲电磁能nanoharvester阵列表面效应，由超磁致伸缩材料的Terfenol-d的具有非线性磁 - 热 - 机械耦合本构关系和线性压电体层的PZT-4，系统地研究下偶联伸展和弯曲变形。正确性证实收割机的，一个重要的性能指标（即输出电流）后在不同条件，包括flexoelectricity，表面效应，和非线性磁机械耦合讨论。据透露，flexoelectricity，表面效应，外部磁场，并且预应力可以显着提高的特性的性能，例如谐振频率，带宽，和nanoharvester的输出电流。特别是，对应于flexoelectricity或表面效果的临界厚度，提出了低于该尺寸相关效果是明显的，必须予以考虑。当前的工作可以看作是用于定性和定量评估大小依赖性和非线性特性的创新理论工具，这是必要的，关键理解MEE纳米结构的物理和机械性能。

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