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Density distributions and depth in flocks

机译:密度分布和羊群中的深度

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摘要

Recent experimental evidence suggests that interactions in flocks of birds do not involve a characteristic length scale. Bird flocks have also been revealed to have an inhomogeneous density distribution, with the density of birds near the border greater than near the centre. We introduce a strictly metric-free model for collective behaviour that incorporates a distributed motional bias, providing control of the density distribution. A simple version of this model is then able to provide a good fit to published data for the density variation across flocks of Starlings. We find that it is necessary for individuals on the edge of the flock to have an inward motional bias but that birds in the interior of the flock instead must have an outward bias. We discuss the ability of individuals to determine their depth within a flock and show how this might be achieved by relatively simple analysis of their visual environment.
机译:最近的实验证据表明,鸟群中的互动不涉及特征长度。 鸟群也被揭示为具有不均匀的密度分布,密度在边界附近大于中心附近。 我们为集体行为引入了一个严格的公制模型,该行为包括分布式运动偏压,提供密度分布的控制。 然后,该模型的简单版本能够提供良好的适合于发布的数据,以便跨椋鸟的密度变化。 我们发现,羊群边缘的个体有必要具有内向动机偏见,但群中内部的鸟类必须具有向外偏见。 我们讨论个人在群中确定其深度的能力,并展示如何通过对视觉环境的相对简单分析来实现这一目标。

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