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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physics, D. Applied Physics: A Europhysics Journal >Biofilms and mechanics: a review of experimental techniques and findings
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Biofilms and mechanics: a review of experimental techniques and findings

机译：生物膜和力学：对实验技术和调查结果的综述

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摘要

Biofilms are developmentally-dynamic communities of sessile microbes that adhere to each other and, often, to other structures in their environment. The cohesive mechanical forces binding microbes to each other confer mechanical and structural stability on the biofilm and give rise to biofilm viscoelasticity. The adhesive mechanical forces binding microbes to other structures in their environment can promote biofilm initiation and mechanosensing that leads to changes in biological activity. Thus, physical mechanics is intrinsic to characteristics that distinguish biofilms from free-swimming or free-floating microbes in liquid culture. However, very little is known about the specifics of what mechanical traits characterize different types of biofilms at different stages of development. Even less is known about how mechanical inputs impact microbial biology and how microbes can adjust their mechanical coupling to, and interaction with, their environment. These knowledge gaps arise, in part, from the challenges associated with experimental measurements of microbial and biofilm biomechanics. Here, we review extant experimental techniques and their most-salient findings to date. At the end of this review we indicate areas where significant advances in the state-of-the art are heading.
机译：Biofilms是术的动态社区的术式微生物，彼此粘附，并且通常是其环境中的其他结构。粘性机械力将微生物结合到彼此的彼此赋予生物膜的机械和结构稳定性，并产生生物膜粘弹性。将微生物结合到其环境中的其他结构的粘合机械力可以促进生物膜引发和机械损伤，从而导致生物活性的变化。因此，物理力学是特性的特征，使生物膜与液体培养中的自由游泳或自由漂浮微生物区分。然而，关于机械特性在不同发展阶段表征不同类型的生物膜的具体细节，很少熟知。甚至少了解机械投入如何影响微生物生物学以及微生物可以如何调节其机械耦合和与其环境的相互作用。这些知识差距部分地由与微生物和生物膜生物力学的实验测量相关的挑战来产生。在这里，我们审查了目前的实验技术及其最突出的结果。在本次审查结束时，我们表示最先进的领域正在进行的领域。

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