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首页> 外文期刊>Biodiversity and Conservation >The challenge of small and rare species in marine biodiversity surveys: microgastropod diversity in a complex tropical coastal environment. (Special Issue: Biodiversity and conservation of insects and other invertebrates.)
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The challenge of small and rare species in marine biodiversity surveys: microgastropod diversity in a complex tropical coastal environment. (Special Issue: Biodiversity and conservation of insects and other invertebrates.)

机译：海洋生物多样性调查中的稀有物种所面临的挑战：复杂的热带沿海环境中的小腹足类动物多样性。 （特刊：昆虫和其他无脊椎动物的生物多样性和保护。）

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Although molluscs feature prominently in the semi-popular and academic literature on marine biodiversity, field surveys largely ignore the small and rare species that form the majority of marine molluscan diversity. As a result of a massive effort to sample the benthic molluscs of a complex tropical coastal environment, 23,238 gastropod specimens representing 259 species of Triphoridae - a family with most adult species ranging from 2 to 10 mm - were obtained from a 45,000 hectares study area off the island of Espiritu Santo, Vanuatu. Most species are represented by fewer than 20 specimens and, despite the intensity of the sampling effort, 13% of the species are unique singletons. Spatial heterogeneity was high: out of 416 sampling events, 187 contained triphorids, and 42% of the species occurred at fewer than 5 stations. Most species were small (68% below 5 mm) or very small (22% below 3 mm). A faunal turnover was documented at around 10 m, and another at around 60 m, at the onset of the -twilight zone- that is particularly difficult to sample. On the order of 70% of the species are probably new to science. When dealing with taxonomically difficult groups a morphospecies segregation approach is operationally appropriate to detect patterns of richness, rarity and spatial turn-over. Very few, if any, conservation surveys have the human and funding resources to carry out baseline surveys of the intensity that generated the results presented here. However, as species numbers are often used to promote the conservation interest of a reef, a bay or a stretch of coast, it is essential to know how the numbers were generated: absolute numbers of species are meaningless unless sampling effort and techniques, area surveyed, and size classes targeted are described. This is very rarely the case, even in the academic literature.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0117-x
机译：尽管软体动物在有关海洋生物多样性的半大众化和学术性文献中占有重要地位，但实地调查在很大程度上忽略了构成海洋软体动物多样性大部分的小型稀有物种。由于在巨大的热带沿海环境中对底栖软体动物进行了大量采样，结果是从一个占地45,000公顷的研究区域中获得了23238个腹足纲动物标本，代表259个Triphoridae科（该科的成年动物大多数为2至10 mm）。瓦努阿图圣埃斯皮里图岛。大多数物种仅由少于20个样本代表，尽管付出了巨大的努力，但仍有13％的物种是唯一的单例。空间异质性很高：在416个采样事件中，有187个包含三足类动物，其中42％的物种发生在少于5个站点。大多数物种很小（小于5毫米的占68％）或很小（小于3毫米的占22％）。据记录，在“暮光区”开始时，动物区系周转约为10 m，另一处约为60 m，这是很难采样的。大约70％的物种可能是科学新手。在处理生物分类困难的群体时，形态学隔离方法在操作上适合检测丰富度，稀有性和空间周转的模式。很少有（如果有的话）自然保护调查有人力和财力来进行基线调查，以进行产生此处介绍结果的强度调查。但是，由于经常使用物种数量来提高对礁石，海湾或沿海地区的保护价值，因此必须知道物种的产生方式：物种的绝对数量是没有意义的，除非取样工作和技术，所调查的区域，并介绍了目标尺寸类别。即使在学术文献中也很少如此。数字对象标识符http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10531-011-0117-x

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