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Selecting ROPS safety margins for wheeled agricultural tractors based on tractor mass

机译：根据拖拉机质量选择轮式农用拖拉机的ROPS安全裕度

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Forestry and agricultural tractors are required to have roll-over protective structures (ROPS) for use on European roads. To that end, the ROPS must conform to a series of strength tests in accordance with the Organisation for Economic and Co-operation Development (OECD) Standard Codes or the relevant European Community (EC) Directives. Within these Codes, ROPS force and energy absorption test requirements are typically defined in terms of a reference mass. This mass, along with mass values for unladen, ballast, and maximum laden, required for the homologation documentation, is given by the tractor manufacturer. Recent international interest in operator safety has questioned the appropriateness of the mass definitions and specifically the use of the currently defined reference mass as the basis for ROPS testing. In this work, mass information pertaining to 24 wheeled type tractors was considered: 13 were T1 (Standard) type and 11 were T2 (Narrow track) type. Although tractors may have similar reference mass values (and hence ROPS testing requirements) it was found that their ballast and maximum laden masses can differ greatly. The average ratios to reference mass values were for ballast and maximum laden values 1.13 and 1.60 for T1 tractors and 1.12 and 1.64 for T2 tractors. Both tractor categories had some ratios with values greater than 1.80. This implies safety margins determined by reference mass vary depending on the tractor under consideration. The results highlight some criticisms of ROPS testing procedures and these are discussed.
机译：林业和农用拖拉机必须具有在欧洲道路上使用的防侧翻保护结构（ROPS）。为此，ROPS必须符合经济与合作发展组织（OECD）标准规范或相关欧洲共同体（EC）指令的一系列强度测试。在这些规范中，ROPS力和能量吸收测试要求通常以参考质量来定义。该质量以及认证文件中要求的空载，压载和最大载重的质量值由拖拉机制造商给出。最近国际上对操作员安全性的关注使人们对质量定义的适当性提出了质疑，特别是使用当前定义的参考质量作为ROPS测试的基础。在这项工作中，考虑了有关24轮式拖拉机的质量信息：13属于T1（标准）型，11属于T2（窄轨）型。尽管拖拉机可能具有相似的参考质量值（以及因此的ROPS测试要求），但发现它们的压载质量和最大装载质量可能相差很大。 T1拖拉机的压载和最大载重值的平均比率为参考值，最大比率为1.13和1.60，T2拖拉机的最大载重值为1.12和1.64。两种拖拉机类别的比率都大于1.80。这意味着由参考质量确定的安全裕度会根据所考虑的拖拉机而有所不同。结果突出了对ROPS测试程序的一些批评，并进行了讨论。

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