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Measurement of acoustic power in studying cavitation processes

机译：在研究气蚀过程中的声功率测量

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A comparative calorimetric method for measuring the acoustic power generated by a sound source under cavitation conditions and the power absorbed by a liquid with bubbles is developed. The conditions under which the whole of the generated power is absorbed by the liquid with bubbles are determined experimentally. An instrument for power calibration of sound sources operating under cavitation conditions is designed. The instrument is found to provide a high measurement accuracy (3% or better). The requirements on the dimensions of the vessel and on the volume of the liquid in which the sound source operates are formulated to make the power generated under cavitation conditions independent of these parameters. For the first time, it is shown experimentally (by the example of the reaction of nitric oxide formation under the action of sound) that, if these conditions are satisfied and the sound intensity exceeds the threshold intensity, the rate of a number of sonochemical reactions is proportional to the sound intensity in the range from 1.7 to at least 47 W/cm(2). It is shown that the dependence of the rate of cavitation processes on the sound intensity with a maximum at 8.6 W/cm(2) and a sharp decrease in the rate with a further intensity increase is determined by the fact that the measured quantity was the electric power at the transducer rather than the acoustic one. (c) 2005 Pleiades Publishing, Inc.
机译：开发了一种比较量热法，用于测量在气蚀条件下声源产生的声功率和带有气泡的液体吸收的声功率。实验确定了全部产生的功率被带有气泡的液体吸收的条件。设计了一种在空化条件下工作的声源功率校准仪器。发现该仪器可提供很高的测量精度（3％或更高）。制定了对容器尺寸和声源在其中工作的液体的体积的要求，以使在空化条件下产生的功率与这些参数无关。首次通过实验证明（通过声音作用下的一氧化氮形成反应的例子），如果满足这些条件并且声音强度超过阈值强度，则许多声化学反应的速率与声音强度成正比，范围为1.7至至少47 W / cm（2）。结果表明，空化过程的速率与声强的相关性最大为8.6 W / cm（2），而声速的急剧下降则随强度的进一步增加而决定，这是由于以下事实所决定的：换能器上的电功率而不是声学功率。 （c）2005年Pleiades Publishing，Inc.

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