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首页> 外文期刊>Academic radiology >Real-time tracking and shape analysis of atrial septal defects in 3D echocardiography.
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Real-time tracking and shape analysis of atrial septal defects in 3D echocardiography.

机译：在3D超声心动图中实时跟踪和分析房间隔缺损。

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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Real-time cardiac ultrasound (US) allows monitoring the heart motion during intracardiac beating heart procedures. Our application assists pediatric atrial septal defect (ASD) closure techniques using real-time 3D US guidance and rigid instruments. ASD tracking is also an important tool for facilitating systematic clinical studies of the dynamic behavior of the intra-atrial communication. One major image processing challenge is associated with the required processing of information at high frame rate, especially given the low image quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present an optimization scheme for a block flow technique, which combines the probability-based velocity computation for an entire block (a 3D volume centered on the ASD) with cyclic template matching. The adapted similarity imposes constraints both locally (from frame to frame) to conserve energy, and globally (from a reference template) to minimize cumulative errors. The algorithm is optimized for fast and reliable results. For tests, we use three intra-operational 4D ultrasound sequences of clinical infant beating hearts with ASD. RESULTS: Computing velocity at the block level with an optimized scheme, our technique tracks ASD motion at a frequency of 60 frames/s on clinical 4D datasets. Results are stable and accurate for changes in resolution and block size. In particular, we show robust real-time tracking and preliminary segmentation results of the ASD shape, size and orientation as a function of time. CONCLUSIONS: We present an optimized block flow technique for real-time tracking of ASD to assist in minimally invasive beating heart surgery. Our method proposes the standard use of references for processing repetitive data. This paper represents, to our knowledge, the first study on the dynamic morphology of ASD that takes into account the angular effect introduced by the slanted position of the intra-atrial communication with respect to the US probe.
机译：理由和目标：实时心脏超声（US）允许在心内跳动心脏手术过程中监测心脏运动。我们的应用程序使用实时3D US引导和刚性仪器来协助小儿房间隔缺损（ASD）闭合技术。 ASD跟踪也是促进对房内通信动态行为进行系统临床研究的重要工具。一个主要的图像处理挑战与在高帧速率下（特别是在图像质量较低的情况下）所需的信息处理相关联。材料和方法：我们提出了一种块流技术的优化方案，该方案将基于概率的整个块（基于ASD的3D体积）的速度计算与循环模板匹配相结合。适应性相似性在局部（从一帧到另一帧）施加约束以节省能量，在全局（从参考模板）施加约束以最小化累积误差。该算法经过优化，可实现快速可靠的结果。为了进行测试，我们使用三个临床ASD婴儿跳动心脏的术中4D超声序列。结果：通过优化方案计算块级速度，我们的技术在临床4D数据集上以60帧/秒的频率跟踪ASD运动。结果稳定且准确，可以改变分辨率和块大小。特别是，我们展示了ASD形状，大小和方向随时间变化的强大实时跟踪和初步分割结果。结论：我们提出了一种用于实时跟踪ASD的优化块流技术，以协助微创搏动性心脏手术。我们的方法建议使用参考标准来处理重复数据。就我们所知，本文代表了对ASD动态形态的首次研究，该研究考虑了房内通信相对于US探头的倾斜位置引入的角度效应。

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