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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section B, Soil and Plant Science >Responses of barley and wheat to pathogens, non-pathogens and wounding as indicated by induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity.
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Responses of barley and wheat to pathogens, non-pathogens and wounding as indicated by induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity.

机译：大麦和小麦对病原体，非病原体和创伤的反应，如诱导的苯丙氨酸氨解酶活性所表明。

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摘要

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity was strongly induced in barley and wheat leaves after inoculation with highly or weakly aggressive isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana [Cochliobolus sativus]. Aggressive isolates generated much stronger earlyinduction of PAL than less aggressive isolates. The non-pathogens Drechslera teres [Pyrenophora teres] (in wheat), Stagonospora nodorum [Leptosphaeria nodorum] (in barley), Botrytis cinerea, Trichoderma reesei [Trichoderma longibrachiatum] and the rootand stem pathogen Fusarium culmorum caused no clear induction of PAL on intact barley or wheat leaves. They were able to induce PAL at the wound margins of barley leaves, although at a lower level than B. sorokiniana. Wounding alone did not induce PAL. Prior inoculation of barley leaves with non-pathogens provided partial protection against a subsequent challenge with B. sorokiniana seven days later. Induced plants showed unchanged PAL activity levels compared to non-induced plants after challenge inoculation. The results suggest that PAL plays a role in the active defences of barley and wheat in response to pathogen attack, but apparently not in response to non-pathogens, wounding, or in plants expressing induced resistance.
机译：接种高抗性或弱侵染性Bipolaris sorokiniana [Cochliobolus sativus]分离株后，在大麦和小麦叶片中强烈诱导了苯丙氨酸氨解酶（PAL）的活性。侵略性菌株比侵袭性较低的菌株产生更强的PAL早期诱导。非病原体Drechslera teres [Pyrenophora teres]（在小麦中），Stagonospora nodorum [Leptosphaeria nodorum]（在大麦中），灰葡萄孢，里氏木霉[Trichoderma longibrachiatum]和根和茎病原体Fusarium culmorum不会导致明显的PAL诱导大麦或小麦的叶子。他们能够在大麦叶的伤口边缘诱导PAL，尽管其水平低于B. sorokiniana。单独受伤并不能诱发PAL。大麦叶预先接种非病原菌可提供部分保护，以防止7天后再用B. sorokiniana攻击。攻击接种后，与未诱导的植物相比，诱导的植物显示出不变的PAL活性水平。结果表明，PAL在大麦和小麦对病原体侵袭的主动防御中起作用，但显然对非病原体，创伤或表达诱导抗性的植物不起作用。

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