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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica. Section B, Soil and Plant Science >Patch spraying of weeds in spring cereals: Simulated influences of threshold level and spraying resolution on spraying errors and potential herbicide reduction
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Patch spraying of weeds in spring cereals: Simulated influences of threshold level and spraying resolution on spraying errors and potential herbicide reduction

机译：春季谷物中杂草的斑块喷洒：模拟阈值水平和喷洒分辨率对喷洒误差和潜在除草剂减少的影响

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摘要

A major obstacle to patch spraying of broad-leaved weeds in cereals is a cost-effective method to assess within-field heterogeneity of the weed population. One method could be a camera mounted in front of the spraying vehicle, online image analysis, and field sprayer shifting between 'on' and 'off' as the predefined weed damage threshold level is reached. Because such a camera will capture a very limited area ( <1 m2) compared to the sprayer width (several m), success of this method requires that spraying decisions vary little within boom width, thereby causing few spraying errors. This approach was evaluated by simulations for varying boom widths and three levels of a weed damage threshold model. Potential herbicide reductions compared to blanket application were also simulated. The average potential herbicide reductions estimated as proportions of fields below the threshold, were 60%, 64% and 53% for the original, 25% increased and 25% reduced threshold levels, respectively. The simulated herbicide reductions were not influenced by boom width, but varied significantly between fields, and between threshold levels. As evaluated by spraying errors, the suitability of the suggested approach will increase by decreasing boom width, vary between fields, and in some fields vary between the threshold levels. For boom widths of 15 m and 24 m, the spraying errors were about 10% and 15%, respectively, where omission of spraying areas above the threshold constituted 5% and 8%, respectively.
机译：谷物中阔叶杂草的斑块喷药的主要障碍是评估杂草种群田间异质性的经济有效方法。一种方法可以是安装在喷洒车前的摄像头，在线图像分析，以及当达到预定的杂草危害阈值水平时，田间喷洒器在“开”和“关”之间切换。由于与喷雾器宽度（几m）相比，这种摄像机将捕获非常有限的区域（<1 m2），因此该方法的成功要求喷雾决策在动臂宽度内变化很小，从而几乎不会引起喷雾错误。通过模拟对变化的喷杆宽度和杂草破坏阈值模型的三个级别进行了评估。还模拟了与全面施用相比潜在的除草剂减少量。以低于阈值的田地比例估算的平均潜在除草剂减少量分别为原始阈值水平的60％，64％和53％，增加阈值水平的25％和减少25％。模拟的除草剂减少量不受动臂宽度的影响，但在田间和阈值水平之间变化很大。通过喷涂误差评估，建议的方法的适用性将通过减小喷杆宽度而增加，在各个字段之间有所不同，在某些字段中，阈值水平之间也有所不同。对于吊杆宽度为15 m和24 m的情况，喷涂误差分别约为10％和15％，而超出阈值的喷涂面积忽略不计分别为5％和8％。

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