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首页> 外文期刊>Acta biomaterialia >Cohesive behavior of soft biological adhesives: Experiments and modeling
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Cohesive behavior of soft biological adhesives: Experiments and modeling

机译：软性生物粘合剂的内聚行为：实验和建模

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Extracellular proteins play a key role in generating and maintaining cohesion and adhesion in biological tissues. These "natural glues" are involved in vital biological processes such as blood clotting, wound healing and maintaining the structural integrity of tissues. Macromolecular assemblies of proteins can be functionally stabilized in a variety of ways in situ that include ionic interactions as well as covalent crosslinking to form protein networks that can extend both within and between tissues. Within tissues, myriad cohesive forces are required to preserve tissue integrity and function, as are additional appropriate adhesive forces at interfaces both within and between tissues of differing composition. While the mechanics of some key structural adhesive proteins have been characterized in tensile experiments at both the macroscopic and single protein levels, the fracture toughness of thin proteinaceous interfaces has never been directly measured. Here, we describe a novel and simple approach to measure the cohesive behavior and toughness of thin layers of proteinaceous adhesives. The test is based on the standard double-cantilever beam test used for engineering adhesives, which was adapted to take into account the high compliance of the interface compared with the beams. This new "rigid double-cantilever beam" method enables stable crack propagation through an interfacial protein layer, and provides a direct way to measure its full traction-separation curve. The method does not require any assumption of the shape of the cohesive law, and the results provide abundant information contributing to understanding the structural, chemical and molecular mechanisms acting in biological adhesion. As an example, results are presented using this method for thin films of fibrin - a protein involved in blood clotting and used clinically as a tissue bio-adhesive after surgery - with the effects of calcium and crosslinking by Factor XIII being examined. Finally, a simple model is proposed, demonstrating how a bell-shaped cohesive law forms during the failure of the fibrin interface based on an eight-chain model whose structure degrades and changes configuration with stress.
机译：细胞外蛋白在生物组织中产生和维持凝聚力和粘附力中起关键作用。这些“天然胶水”参与重要的生物学过程，例如血液凝固，伤口愈合以及维持组织的结构完整性。蛋白质的大分子装配体可以多种原位方式进行功能稳定，包括离子相互作用以及共价交联以形成可以在组织内和组织之间延伸的蛋白质网络。在组织内，需要无数的内聚力来保持组织的完整性和功能，以及在不同组成的组织内和组织之间的界面处的附加适当的粘附力。虽然在拉伸实验中已在宏观和单一蛋白质水平上对某些关键结构黏附蛋白的力学特性进行了表征，但从未直接测量薄蛋白界面的断裂韧性。在这里，我们描述了一种新颖而简单的方法来测量蛋白质胶粘剂薄层的内聚性和韧性。该测试基于用于工程胶粘剂的标准双悬臂梁测试，该测试适用于考虑与梁相比界面的高度柔顺性。这种新的“刚性双悬臂梁”方法能够使裂纹在界面蛋白层中稳定传播，并提供直接的方法来测量其完整的牵引分离曲线。该方法不需要对内聚规律的形状作任何假设，并且结果提供了丰富的信息，有助于理解在生物粘附中起作用的结构，化学和分子机理。例如，使用这种方法对纤维蛋白薄膜（一种参与血液凝结并在手术后临床上用作组织生物粘附剂的蛋白质）的薄膜结果进行了研究，研究了钙和XIII因子的交联作用。最后，提出了一个简单的模型，该模型基于八链模型展示了纤维蛋白界面破坏期间钟形凝聚规律的形成过程，该模型的结构会随着应力而退化并改变构型。

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