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首页> 外文期刊>Acta biomaterialia >In vitro studies on the effect of particle size on macrophage responses to nanodiamond wear debris
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In vitro studies on the effect of particle size on macrophage responses to nanodiamond wear debris

机译：粒径对巨噬细胞对纳米金刚石磨屑响应的影响的体外研究

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Nanostructured diamond coatings improve the smoothness and wear characteristics of the metallic component of total hip replacements and increase the longevity of these implants, but the effect of nanodiamond wear debris on macrophages needs to be determined to estimate the long-term inflammatory effects of wear debris. The objective was to investigate the effect of the size of synthetic nanodiamond particles on macrophage proliferation (BrdU incorporation), apoptosis (Annexin-V flow cytometry), metabolic activity (WST-1 assay) and inflammatory cytokine production (qPCR). RAW 264.7 macrophages were exposed to varying sizes (6, 60, 100, 250 and 500 nm) and concentrations (0, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μg ml -1) of synthetic nanodiamonds. We observed that cell proliferation but not metabolic activity was decreased with nanoparticle sizes of 6-100 nm at lower concentrations (50 μg ml -1), and both cell proliferation and metabolic activity were significantly reduced with nanodiamond concentrations of 200 μg ml -1. Flow cytometry indicated a significant reduction in cell viability due to necrosis irrespective of particle size. Nanodiamond exposure significantly reduced gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, chemokine Ccl2 and platelet-derived growth factor compared to serum-only controls or titanium oxide (anatase 8 nm) nanoparticles, with variable effects on chemokine Cxcl2 and vascular endothelial growth factor. In general, our study demonstrates a size and concentration dependence of macrophage responses in vitro to nanodiamond particles as possible wear debris from diamond-coated orthopedic joint implants.
机译：纳米结构的金刚石涂层改善了全髋关节置换物的金属成分的光滑度和磨损特性，并提高了这些植入物的寿命，但是需要确定纳米金刚石磨屑对巨噬细胞的影响，以评估磨屑的长期炎症作用。目的是研究合成纳米金刚石颗粒大小对巨噬细胞增殖（BrdU掺入），细胞凋亡（Annexin-V流式细胞仪），代谢活性（WST-1测定）和炎性细胞因子产生（qPCR）的影响。将RAW 264.7巨噬细胞暴露于各种尺寸（6、60、100、250和500 nm）和浓度（0、10、50、100和200μgml -1）的合成纳米金刚石中。我们观察到，在较低浓度（50μgml -1）下，纳米粒径为6-100 nm时，细胞增殖而不是代谢活性降低，而在200μgml -1的纳米金刚石浓度下，细胞增殖和代谢活性均显着降低。流式细胞术表明由于坏死而导致的细胞活力的显着降低，而与粒径无关。与仅血清对照或二氧化钛（锐钛矿型8 nm）纳米颗粒相比，纳米金刚石暴露显着降低了肿瘤坏死因子-α，白介素-1β，趋化因子Ccl2和血小板源性生长因子的基因表达，对趋化因子Cxcl2和血管内皮细胞的影响不同生长因子。总的来说，我们的研究表明巨噬细胞在体外对纳米金刚石颗粒的反应的大小和浓度依赖性可能是钻石涂层的骨科联合植入物可能产生的磨损碎片。

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