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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Crystallographica, Section B. Structural Science >The Complementary Use of X-ray and Neutron Diffraction in the Study of Crystals
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The Complementary Use of X-ray and Neutron Diffraction in the Study of Crystals

机译：X射线和中子衍射在晶体研究中的互补使用

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Neutrons and X-rays interact differently with atoms in crystals. While X-rays primarily give information on electron distributions, neutrons report on nuclear positions, and, through the spin interaction, are sensitive to magnetic structure. These and other differences have been exploited for many years in, for example, X-N difference studies and in determining magnetic structure. The major differences in available X-ray and neutron incident-beam intensities have also influenced the ways in which the two probes are exploited; not only are neutron sources inherently weaker, but this disadvantage is heightened by the weaker neutron-nucleus interaction. Advances in sources of both types, coupled with developments in instrumentation, have enabled not only the relative strengths to be exploited more effectively, but also some of the respective weaknesses in both techniques to be at least partially overcome. After outlining the main relevant advantages of X-rays and neutrons, and specifically of pulsed spallation neutron sources, this paper will discuss some of the scientific areas in which these various advantages are being increasingly exploited with advanced sources and instrumentation. Although the examples focus in particular on studies of structure and disorder in powder samples, including work at high pressures, some attention is given to hydrogen location in, and diffuse scattering from, single crystals. Finally, a personal forward look towards possible future developments is offered.
机译：中子和X射线与晶体中原子的相互作用不同。 X射线主要提供有关电子分布的信息，而中子则报告核位置，并且通过自旋相互作用对磁结构敏感。这些差异和其他差异已在例如X-N差异研究和确定磁性结构方面被开发多年。可用的X射线和中子入射束强度的主要差异也影响了使用两种探针的方式。中子源不仅固有地较弱，而且由于中子-核相互作用较弱而加剧了这一缺点。两种类型的源头的进步，加上仪器的发展，不仅使得可以更有效地利用相对优势，而且至少可以部分克服两种技术各自的弱点。在概述了X射线和中子的主要相关优点之后，特别是脉冲散裂中子源的主要优点之后，本文将讨论一些科学领域，在这些领域中，利用先进的源和仪器正越来越多地利用这些优点。尽管这些示例特别关注于粉末样品的结构和无序性的研究，包括在高压下的工作，但仍对氢在单晶中的位置以及单晶的扩散散射给予了一定的关注。最后，提供了对未来可能发展的个人前瞻性看法。

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