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How fish color their skin: A paradigm for development and evolution of adult patterns Multipotency, plasticity, and cell competition regulate proliferation and spreading of pigment cells in Zebrafish coloration

机译:如何钓鱼皮肤:成人模式的发展和演变的范式,包括斑马染色中色素细胞的增殖和扩散

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摘要

Pigment cells in zebrafish - melanophores, iridophores, and xanthophores - originate from neural crest-derived stem cells associated with the dorsal root ganglia of the peripheral nervous system. Clonal analysis indicates that these progenitors remain multipotent and plastic beyond embryogenesis well into metamorphosis, when the adult color pattern develops. Pigment cells share a lineage with neuronal cells of the peripheral nervous system; progenitors propagate along the spinal nerves. The proliferation of pigment cells is regulated by competitive interactions among cells of the same type. An even spacing involves collective migration and contact inhibition of locomotion of the three cell types distributed in superimposed monolayers in the skin. This mode of coloring the skin is probably common to fish, whereas different patterns emerge by species specific cell interactions among the different pigment cell types. These interactions are mediated by channels involved in direct cell contact between the pigment cells, as well as unknown cues provided by the tissue environment.
机译:斑马鱼中的颜料细胞 - 丝瓜,虹膜和黄色体 - 源自与外周神经系统背根神经节相关的神经嵴衍生的干细胞。克隆分析表明,当成人色彩模式发育时,这些祖细胞仍然在胚胎发生中的胚胎发生良好的多能和塑料。颜料细胞与外周神经系统的神经元细胞共享谱系;祖细胞沿着脊髓神经繁殖。色素细胞的增殖通过相同类型的细胞之间的竞争性相互作用调节。均匀的间隔涉及集体迁移和接触抑制在皮肤中叠加的单层分布在皮肤上的三种细胞类型的运动。这种着色模式可能是鱼类的常见,而不同的颜料细胞类型中的物种特异性细胞相互作用出现不同的模式。这些相互作用由参与颜料细胞之间的直接细胞接触的通道以及由组织环境提供的未知提示介导。

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