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Being human: Why and in what sense it is morally relevant

机译:成为人:为什么和在什么意义上它是道德相关的

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The debate on the question of the moral status of human beings and the boundaries of the moral community has long been dominated by the antagonism between personism and speciesism: either certain mental properties or membership of the human species is considered morally crucial. In this article, I argue that both schools of thought are equally implausible in major respects, and that these shortcomings arise from the same reason in both cases: a biological notion of being human. By contrast, I show to what extent being human is morally relevant in a non-biological sense. I establish the living human form as the essential criterion for belonging to the moral community, and defend it against a number of possible objections. This new morphological approach is capable of capturing essential elements of personism and speciesism without sharing their faults, and of reconstructing widespread moral intuitions.
机译:关于人类道德地位问题的辩论和道德社区的界限长期以来一直由人类主义和物种之间的敌对主导:人类物种的某种心理性质或成员在道德上是至关重要的。 在本文中,我认为,两所思想学校在主要方面都同样令人难以置信,并且这些缺点在两种情况下都是相同的原因:一种成为人类的生物学概念。 相比之下,我展示了人类在多大程度上在与非生物学意义上道德上相关。 我将生活方式建立为属于道德社区的基本标准,并抵御若干可能的反对意见。 这种新的形态学方法能够在不分享其故障的情况下捕捉人物和物种主义的基本要素,并重建广泛的道德直觉。

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