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Influence of nonprotective autophagy and the autophagic switch on sensitivity to cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer cells

机译:非保护型自噬和自噬改动对非小细胞肺癌细胞顺铂敏感性的影响

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While therapy-induced autophagy is conventionally conceived to be cytoprotective in nature, previous studies have identified multiple functions of autophagy, including a nonprotective form, as well as the existence of a switch between the different forms of autophagy. The current work provides further evidence of an autophagic switch, in this case in response to the antitumor drug, cisplatin, in non-small cell lung cancer cells that are either wild-type (p53wt) or functionally null in p53 (crp53), the latter generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of autophagy identified nonprotective autophagy in p53wt cells and cytoprotective autophagy in crp53 cells. Furthermore, differences in cisplatin sensitivity between the two cell lines proved to be largely a function of the nature of the autophagy. Specifically, autophagy inhibition in the crp53 cells converts the temporal profile for the loss of cell viability in response to cisplatin to essentially parallel that observed in the p53wt cells. This enhanced sensitivity is due to cisplatin-induced apoptosis that occurs without necessitating the restoration of functional p53. In contrast, inhibition of autophagy has no observable impact on the temporal response profile exhibited in response to cisplatin in the p53wt cells, or the extent of cisplatin-induced apoptosis in the p53wt cells, consistent with the functional definition of nonprotective autophagy. Taken together, our current studies provide evidence that nonprotective autophagy in p53wt non-small cell lung cancer cells can be "switched" to protective autophagy in isogenic crp53 cells, and furthermore that inhibition of cytoprotective autophagy is sufficient to restore cisplatin sensitivity in the crp53 cells, largely through the increased promotion of apoptosis, despite the absence of functional p53.
机译:虽然治疗诱导的自噬在于,通常认为是性质的细胞保护,但先前的研究已经确定了自噬的多种功能,包括非保护形式,以及在不同形式的自噬之间的开关存在。目前的作品提供了自噬转换的进一步证据,在这种情况下,在这种情况下,响应于抗肿瘤药物,在P53(CRP53)中的非小细胞肺癌细胞中,在非小细胞肺癌细胞中,或在P53(CRP53)中,后者使用CRISPR / CAS9技术产生。自噬的药理学和遗传抑制在CRP53细胞中鉴定了P53WT细胞中的非全面自噬。此外,两种细胞系之间的顺铂敏感性的差异被证明在很大程度上是自噬的性质的函数。具体地,CRP53细胞中的自噬抑制转化用于响应于在P53WT细胞中观察到的基本上平行的Cisplatin而丧失细胞活力的时间轮廓。这种增强的敏感性是由于不需要恢复功能性P53的情况而发生的顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡。相反,对自噬的抑制对响应于P53WT细胞中的顺铂的时间响应曲线没有可观察的影响,或者在P53WT细胞中的顺铂诱导的细胞凋亡程度一致,与非保护自噬的功能定义一致。我们的目前的研究提供了证据表明,P53WT非小细胞肺癌细胞中的非保护性自噬能可以“切换”在等源性CRP53细胞中的保护性自噬,并且还可以抑制细胞保护自噬脂肪以恢复CRP53细胞中的顺铂敏感性。尽管没有功能性P53,但大部分通过增加凋亡的促进。

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