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Molecular Factors of the Maintenance and Activation of the Juvenile Phenotype of Cellular Sources for Eye Tissue Regeneration

机译:眼部组织再生细胞源的幼年表型维持和激活的分子因素

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摘要

Modern achievements in the understanding of tissue regeneration, identification of endogenous cell sources for regeneration, and development of approaches for induction and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells have open broad prospects for regenerative medicine. However, application of the obtained information in medicine is hindered by insufficient knowledge on the molecular factors and their combinations capable of regulating the age and fate of cellular sources for eye tissue reparation as well as on the regenerative responses of these cells. In the review, we present our own and literature data on cells serving as endogenous sources for eye tissue regeneration in lower and higher vertebrates and properties of gene expression that allow these cells to maintain their juvenile phenotype. Transcription factors and signal pathways providing cell juvenile status as well as cell reprogramming and entry into the S-phase are discussed. The role of systemic factors (blood and immune system factors, hormones, oxidative stress products, and cell rejuvenation factors) in these processes and their interaction with local factors of the cell environment are described. Molecular factors and conditions for induction of reprogramming and proliferation of cellular sources involved in regeneration in vitro are analyzed with special attention to the role of epigenetic factors (associated with cell senescence, in particular) in the source cells conversion during eye tissue regeneration.
机译:在理解组织再生的现代成果,鉴定内源细胞来源进行再生,以及多能干细胞的诱导和分化途径的开发对再生医学具有开放的广阔前景。然而,在药物中所获得的药物中所获得的信息的施用是对能够调节眼部组织拒绝的细胞来源的年龄和命运以及这些细胞的再生响应来阻碍药物因素及其组合的施用。在审查中,我们展示了我们自己的文献数据,用于用于眼部组织再生的内源性源的细胞,以及允许这些细胞维持其少年表型的基因表达的性质。讨论了传记因子和信号途径,提供细胞少年状态以及细胞重编程和进入S阶段。描述了系统因素(血液和免疫系统因素,激素,氧化应激产品和细胞再活化因子)在这些过程中的作用及其与细胞环境的局部因素的相互作用。分析了在体外再生中参与的细胞来源重编程和增殖的分子因子和条件,特别注意表述因子(与细胞衰老,特别是)在眼部组织再生期间的源细胞转化中的作用。

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