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Protonation and geometry of histidine rings

机译:组氨酸环的质子化和几何

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摘要

The presence of H atoms connected to either or both of the two N atoms of the imidazole moiety in a histidine residue affects the geometry of the five-membered ring. Analysis of the imidazole moieties found in histidine residues of atomic resolution protein crystal structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), and in small-molecule structures retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD), identified characteristic patterns of bond lengths and angles related to the protonation state of the imidazole moiety. Using discriminant analysis, two functions could be defined, corresponding to linear combinations of the four most sensitive stereochemical parameters, two bond lengths (ND1-CE1 and CE1-NE2) and two endocyclic angles (-ND1- and -NE2-), that uniquely identify the protonation states of all imidazole moieties in the CSD and can be used to predict which N atom(s) of the histidine side chains in protein structures are protonated. Updated geometrical restraint target values are proposed for differently protonated histidine side chains for use in macromolecular refinement.
机译:组氨酸残基中与咪唑部分的两个N原子中的一个或两个连接的H原子的存在会影响五元环的几何形状。对蛋白质数据库(PDB)中原子分辨率蛋白质晶体结构的组氨酸残基中以及从剑桥结构数据库(CSD)中检索到的小分子结构中发现的咪唑部分进行分析,确定了与之相关的键长和角度的特征模式咪唑部分的质子化状态。使用判别分析,可以定义两个函数,分别对应四个最敏感的立体化学参数,两个键长(ND1-CE1和CE1-NE2)和两个内环角(-ND1-和-NE2-)的线性组合鉴定CSD中所有咪唑部分的质子化状态,并可用于预测蛋白质结构中组氨酸侧链的N个原子被质子化。对于用于大分子精制的不同质子化的组氨酸侧链,提出了更新的几何约束目标值。

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