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首页> 外文期刊>Biosystems Engineering >Energy inputs and GHG emissions of tillage systems. (Special Issue: Operations management in bio-production systems.)
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Energy inputs and GHG emissions of tillage systems. (Special Issue: Operations management in bio-production systems.)

机译：耕作系统的能量输入和温室气体排放。 （特刊：生物生产系统中的运营管理。）

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Different tillage systems result in different resource uses and environmental impacts. Reduced tillage generates savings in direct energy input and the amount of machinery items needed. As the basics for holistic Life Cycle Assessments, both the influencing direct and indirect energy as sources of greenhouse gas emissions are required. Life Cycle inventories (LCI) were aggregated for a number of optimised machinery systems and tillage scenarios integrating a four crop rotation consisting of spring barley, winter barley, winter wheat and winter rape seed. By applying Life Cycle Assessments to a number of tillage scenarios and whole field operations sequences, the energy efficiency and environmental impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) were evaluated. Results showed that the total energy input was reduced by 26% for the reduced tillage system and by 41% for the no-tillage system. Energy used for traction and machine construction contributed between 6 and 8% of the total GHG emission per kg product. The total emission of GHG was 915 g CO2 equivalents per kg product by using the conventional tillage system, 817 g CO2 equivalents for the reduced tillage system and 855 g CO2 equivalents for the no tillage system. The no tillage system was expected to yield 10% less. The mineralisation in the soil contributed the most (50-60%) to this emission, while the fertiliser production contributed with 28-33%. The results stress the importance of applying a systems approach to capture the implications of, for example, sustained yields as otherwise the environmental benefits can be compromised.
机译：不同的耕作制度会导致不同的资源使用和环境影响。减少耕种可节省直接能量输入和所需机械设备的数量。作为整体生命周期评估的基础，既需要影响直接能源也要影响作为温室气体排放源的间接能源。生命周期清单（LCI）汇总了许多优化的机械系统和耕作方案，整合了包括春大麦，冬大麦，冬小麦和冬油菜种子在内的四种作物轮作。通过将生命周期评估应用于多种耕作方案和整个田间作业序列，评估了温室气体排放（GHG）方面的能源效率和环境影响。结果表明，减少耕作系统的总能量输入减少了26％，免耕系统减少了41％。用于牵引和机械制造的能量占每千克产品总温室气体排放量的6％至8％。使用传统的耕作系统，每公斤产品的温室气体总排放量为915 g CO 2 当量，减少耕作系统的总温室气体排放量为817 g CO 2 当量，855 g CO < sub> 2 等同于免耕系统。免耕系统的预期产量将减少10％。土壤中的矿化对此排放的贡献最大（50-60％），而化肥的生产贡献了28-33％。结果强调了采用系统方法来捕获可持续产量等含义的重要性，否则会损害环境效益。

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