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Clinical Relevance of Gastrointestinal Microbiota During Pregnancy: A Primer for Nurses

机译：胃肠微生物在怀孕期间的临床相关性：护士底漆

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摘要

Emerging evidence about the human microbiome, a collective term for all the microorganisms living in and on the human body, consistently demonstrates the critical influence it has on host physiology and disease risk. The microbiota in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract has the most significant and far-reaching effect on human physiology. The maternal GI microbiota can decrease the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes by modulating energy extraction, glucose metabolism, vitamin production, and host immunity essential for optimal maternal and neonatal health. Moreover, the maternal GI microbiota is thought to influence colonization of the fetus and neonate that may predispose them to different health trajectories. This article provides a basic understanding about the influence of the structure of the maternal GI microbiota, the fundamental role it plays during pregnancy, and the factors that influence the structure, and subsequently function, of the GI microbiota in the general and pregnant population. While only a small number of studies have examined this topic during pregnancy, the preponderance of the evidence supports the need to clarify baseline structure and function of GI microbiota and its associations with pregnancy outcomes. In addition, the results from the studies conducted in the general population can be extrapolated to pregnancy in many cases. This knowledge is essential for clinicians who need to understand the implications of the microbiota for disease and wellness in order to address the care factors that may adversely influence the GI microbiota during pregnancy.
机译：关于人体微生物组的新出现证据，为居住在人体和人体上的所有微生物的集体术语一贯地表明它对宿主生理学和疾病风险的临界影响。胃肠道（GI）道中的微生物群对人体生理学具有最显着和深远的影响。母体GI微生物群可以通过调节能量提取，葡萄糖代谢，维生素生产和最佳孕产妇和新生儿健康至关重要的宿主免疫力来降低不利妊娠结果的风险。此外，母体GI微生物群被认为影响胎儿和新生儿的殖民，可以使它们倾向于不同的健康轨迹。本文提供了关于母体GI微生物群结构的影响，妊娠期间扮演的基本作用的基本了解，以及影响普通和怀孕人群的GI微生物群的结构的基本作用以及影响结构的因素。虽然只有少数研究在怀孕期间审查了这一主题，但证据的优势支持有必要澄清Gi Microbiota及其与妊娠结果的基准结构和功能。此外，在许多情况下，在一般人群中进行的研究的结果可以推断为怀孕。这种知识对于需要了解微生物群疾病和健康的影响的临床医生至关重要，以解决可能在怀孕期间可能对GI微生物群产生不利影响的护理因素。

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