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首页> 外文期刊>Biophysical Chemistry: An International Journal Devoted to the Physical Chemistry of Biological Phenomena >Photosystem I, when excited in the chlorophyll Q y absorption band, feeds on negative entropy
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Photosystem I, when excited in the chlorophyll Q y absorption band, feeds on negative entropy

机译：在叶绿素QY吸收带中兴奋时，照相系统I，对负熵喂

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Abstract It is often suggested that Life may lay outside the normal laws of Physics and particularly of Thermodynamics, though this point of view is refuted by many. As the Living State may be thought of as an open system, often far from equilibrium, most attempts at placing Life under the umbrella of the laws of Physics have been based, particularly in recent years, on non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and particularly the Maximum Entropy Production Principle. In this view it is the dissipation of entropy (heat) which permits the ever increasing complexity of Living Systems in biological evolution and the maintenance of this complexity. However, these studies usually consider such biological entities as whole cells, organs, whole organisms and even Life itself at the entire terrestrial level. This requires making assumptions concerning the Living State, which are often not soundly based on observation and lack a defined model structure. The present study is based on an entirely different approach, in which a classical thermodynamic analysis of a well-defined biological nanoparticle, plant Photosystem I, is performed. This photosynthetic structure, which absorbs light and performs primary and secondary charge separation, operates with a quantum efficiency close to one. It is demonstrated that when monochromatic light is absorbed by the lowest lying electronic transition, the chlorophyll Q y transition, entropy production in the system bath plus entropy changes internal to the system are numerically less than the entropy decrease of the light field. A Second Law violation is therefore suggested for these experimental conditions. This conclusion, while at first sight is supportive of the famous and much discussed statement of Schroedinger, that “Life feeds on negentropy”, is analysed and the conditions in which this statement may be considered valid for a Plant Photosystem are defined and delimited. The remarkably high quantum efficiency, leading to minimal entropy production (energy wastage), seems to suggest that evolution of Photosystem I has gone down the road of maximal energy efficiency as distinct from maximal entropy production. Photosystem I cannot be considered a maximum entropy dissipation structure. Graphical abstract Display Omitted Highlights ? Schroedinger's neg-entropy defined and delimited for plant photosystem I ? Photosystem I has not evolved along the path of Maximum Entropy Production. ? Evolution of photosystem I has evolved to maximise efficiency. ? Photosystem I entropy balance is presented from light absorption to charge separation.
机译：摘要往往建议生活可能置于常规物理学法之外，尤其是热力学，尽管这一观点被许多人受到驳斥。由于生活状态可能被认为是一个开放系统，往往远远远远远远超过均衡，在物理法规则下放置生活的大多数尝试都是基于近年来的非平衡热力学，特别是最大熵生产原则。在这种观点中，它是熵（热量）的耗散，这允许在生物进化中越来越多的生活系统复杂性和维持这种复杂性。然而，这些研究通常认为这种生物实体作为整个细胞，器官，整个生物，甚至在整个陆地水平的生命。这需要制作关于生活状态的假设，这通常不会基于观察和缺乏定义的模型结构。本研究基于完全不同的方法，其中进行了定义明确的生物纳米粒子，植物照相型I的经典热力学分析。这种光合结构，吸收光线并执行初级和二次电荷分离，以靠近一个的量子效率运行。据证明，当单色光被最低躺线电子转型吸收时，叶绿素Qy过渡，系统浴中的熵产生加上系统内部的熵变化的变化比光场的熵降低。因此，对这些实验条件建议了第二律法违规。这一结论，虽然乍一看是施罗德格的着名和讨论的施罗德格陈述的支持，分析了“生命饲料”，并定义和界定了该陈述可用于植物光系统的条件。非常高的量子效率，导致最小的熵产量（能源浪费）似乎表明，照相的演变我已经沿着最大熵产生的明显落下了最大能量效率的道路。照相我不能被视为最大熵散发结构。图形抽象显示省略了亮点？ Schroedinger的Ne​​g-entopy定义和分隔用于植物照相系统I？照相我沿着最大熵生产路径演变。还照相系统的演变我已经发展起来最大化效率。还照相我的熵平衡由光吸收来充电分离。

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