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Signaling domains of the interleukin 2 receptor.

机译：白介素2受体的信号传导域。

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摘要

Interleukin (IL-)2 and its receptor (IL-2R) constitute one of the most extensively studied cytokine receptor systems. IL-2 is produced primarily by activated T cells and is involved in early T cell activation as well as in maintaining homeostatic immune responses that prevent autoimmunity. This review focuses on molecular signaling pathways triggered by the IL-2/IL-2R complex, with an emphasis on how the IL-2R physically translates its interaction with IL-2 into a coherent biological outcome. The IL-2R is composed of three subunits, IL-2Ralpha, IL-2Rbeta and gammac. Although IL-2Ralpha is an important affinity modulator that is essential for proper responses in vivo, it does not contribute to signaling due a short cytoplasmic tail. In contrast, IL-2Rbeta and gammac together are necessary and sufficient for effective signal transduction, and they serve physically to connect the receptor complex to cytoplasmic signaling intermediates. Despite an absolute requirement for gammac in signaling, the majority of known pathways physically link to the receptor via IL-2Rbeta, generally through phosphorylated cytoplasmic tyrosine residues. This review highlights work performed both in cultured cells and in vivo that defines the functional contributions of specific receptor subdomains-and, by inference, the specific signaling pathways that they activate-to IL-2-dependent biological activities. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
机译：白介素（IL-）2及其受体（IL-2R）构成了研究最广泛的细胞因子受体系统之一。 IL-2主要由活化的T细胞产生，并参与早期T细胞活化以及维持防止自身免疫的稳态免疫反应。这篇综述着重介绍了由IL-2 / IL-2R复合物触发的分子信号传导途径，重点是IL-2R如何将其与IL-2的相互作用转化为连贯的生物学结果。 IL-2R由三个亚基组成：IL-2Ralpha，IL-2Rbeta和gammac。尽管IL-2Ralpha是重要的亲和力调节剂，对体内的正确应答至关重要，但由于细胞质尾短，它不会促进信号传导。相反，IL-2Rbeta和gammac一起对于有效的信号转导是必需的，并且它们在物理上将受体复合物连接到细胞质信号传导中间体。尽管在信号传递中绝对需要gammac，但大多数已知途径通常通过磷酸化的细胞质酪氨酸残基通过IL-2Rbeta物理连接至受体。这篇综述重点介绍了在培养细胞和体内进行的工作，这些工作定义了特定受体亚结构域的功能性贡献，并据此推断了它们激活依赖IL-2的生物学活性的特定信号传导途径。版权所有2001，学术出版社。

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