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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of Entomological Research >Selecting native perennial plants for ecological intensification in Mediterranean greenhouse horticulture
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Selecting native perennial plants for ecological intensification in Mediterranean greenhouse horticulture

机译：选择地中海温室园艺中生态强化的本机常年工厂

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摘要

Natural control by predators and parasitoids provides an important and often unnoticed ecosystem service to agricultural landscapes by reducing pest populations in crops. The current model of horticultural intensification in south-eastern Spain produces high yields but has also resulted in a landscape almost completely covered by plastic. Promoting natural areas among greenhouses could enhance biodiversity, by being beneficial insects, and reduce pest pressure outdoors. The first step is to ascertain how pests and their natural enemies (NEs) use Mediterranean vegetation for selecting the best plants for pest suppression outdoors. The abundance of the two major horticultural pests, the tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, and the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, together with their NEs, were assayed in 22 flowering perennial plants, which were newly planted in an experimental field surrounded by greenhouses. Eight plant species were identified as the most critical species for sustaining pest populations outdoors. A set of five plant species supported a medium level of pests, and another set of ten plant species supported the lowest level of both pests. Tobacco whitefly occurred in a few plants species, whereas western flower thrips occurred on almost all the plant species studied, and was favoured by the presence of flowers in perennial plants. The results suggest that plant diversity may provide relatively few acceptable host plants for tobacco whitefly than for western flower thrips. NEs were generally collected in plants that also supported abundance of pests, indicating that host/prey availability, more than food resources from flowers, was a stronger predictor of NE abundance in perennial plants. Field trials using the plants with the lowest host acceptance by pests are needed in order to ascertain whether pest abundance outdoors is reduced.
机译：通过减少农作物的害虫人群，捕食者和寄生虫的自然对照提供了一种重要的，通常是未被注意的农业景观的生态系统服务。西班牙东南部园艺强化模型产生高收益率，但也导致塑料几乎完全覆盖的景观。通过有益昆虫，促进温室之间的自然区域可以增强生物多样性，并减少户外害虫压力。第一步是确定害虫和自然敌人的方式如何使用地中海植被选择在户外害虫抑制的最佳植物。两种主要园艺害虫，烟草粉虱，Bemisia Tabaci和西部花蓟马，弗兰克林·普通植物和西部的丰富与他们的NE一起进行了22个开花的多年生植物，新种植在由温室包围的实验领域。八种植物物种被确定为户外患有害虫人群的最关键的物种。一套五种植物物种支持中等害虫，另一套十种植物物种支持两种害虫的最低水平。烟草粉虱发生在几种植物种类中，而西方花蓟马几乎发生在研究的所有植物物种上，并且受到多年生植物的花朵的存在。结果表明，植物多样性可能为烟草花粉提供相当多的可接受的宿主植物而不是西方花蓟马。通常在植物中收集NES，这些植物也支持丰富的害虫，表明宿主/猎物可用性，超过鲜花的食物资源，是常年植物中NE丰富的更强烈的预测因素。需要使用具有最低宿主接受的植物的现场试验，以确定户外害虫是否减少了害虫。

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