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首页> 外文期刊>Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes >The connexin 43 C-terminus: A tail of many tales
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The connexin 43 C-terminus: A tail of many tales

机译：Connexin 43 C-Terminus：许多故事的尾巴

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Abstract Connexins are chordate gap junction channel proteins that, by enabling direct communication between the cytosols of adjacent cells, create a unique cell signalling network. Gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) has important roles in controlling cell growth and differentiation and in tissue development and homeostasis. Moreover, several non-canonical connexin functions unrelated to GJIC have been discovered. Of the 21 members of the human connexin family, connexin 43 (Cx43) is the most widely expressed and studied. The long cytosolic C-terminus (CT) of Cx43 is subject to extensive post-translational modifications that modulate its intracellular trafficking and gap junction channel gating. Moreover, the Cx43 CT contains multiple domains involved in protein interactions that permit crosstalk between Cx43 and cytoskeletal and regulatory proteins. These domains endow Cx43 with the capacity to affect cell growth and differentiation independently of GJIC. Here, we review the current understanding of the regulation and unique functions of the Cx43 CT, both as an essential component of full-length Cx43 and as an independent signalling hub. We highlight the complex regulatory and signalling networks controlled by the Cx43 CT, including the extensive protein interactome that underlies both gap junction channel-dependent and -independent functions. We discuss these data in relation to the recent discovery of the direct translation of specific truncated forms of Cx43. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve. Highlights ? The Cx43 C-terminus (CT) is fundamental for correct function of Cx43 gap junctions. ? The Cx43 CT is highly regulated post-translationally, e.g. by phosphorylation. ? The Cx43 CT endows Cx43 with unique isoform-specific functions. ? The Cx43 CT interacts with many proteins and have channel-independent functions. ? Truncated forms of Cx43 containing the CT can be synthesized independently.
机译：摘要Connexins是弦角间隙结沟道蛋白，通过在相邻小区的细胞溶质之间实现直接通信，创建一个独特的小区信令网络。间隙连接细胞间通信（GJIC）具有控制细胞生长和分化和组织发育和稳态的重要作用。此外，已经发现了与GJIC不相关的几种非规范连接函数。在人connexin家族的21个成员中，Connexin 43（CX43）是最广泛表达和研究的。 CX43的长细胞溶质C-末端（CT）受到广泛的翻译后修饰，调节其细胞内运输和间隙连接通道门控。此外，CX43 CT含有多个涉及蛋白质相互作用的结构域，其允许CX43和细胞骨骼和调节蛋白之间的串扰。这些域以独立于GJIC而影响细胞生长和分化的容量来赋予CX43。在这里，我们审查目前对CX43 CT的调节和独特功能的理解，作为全长CX43的基本组件，也是独立的信号传导枢纽。我们突出显示由CX43 CT控制的复杂的调节和信号网络，包括广泛的蛋白质互联蛋白依赖于间隙结沟道依赖性和依赖性。我们与最近发现的CX43特定截断形式的直接翻译有关这些数据。本文是题为的特殊问题的一部分：Jean Claude Herve编辑的Gap Junction蛋白。强调 ？ CX43 C-Terminus（CT）是CX43间隙连接的正确功能的基础。还CX43 CT的翻译后高度调节，例如，通过磷酸化。还CX43 CT赋予CX43，具有独特的同种型特定功能。还CX43 CT与许多蛋白质相互作用并具有独立于通道的功能。还含有CT的CX43的截短形式可以独立地合成。

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