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首页> 外文期刊>Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes >Electrical synapses in mammalian CNS: Past eras, present focus and future directions
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Electrical synapses in mammalian CNS: Past eras, present focus and future directions

机译：哺乳动物CNS的电气突触：过去的时代，目前的焦点和未来方向

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Abstract Gap junctions provide the basis for electrical synapses between neurons. Early studies in well-defined circuits in lower vertebrates laid the foundation for understanding various properties conferred by electrical synaptic transmission. Knowledge surrounding electrical synapses in mammalian systems unfolded first with evidence indicating the presence of gap junctions between neurons in various brain regions, but with little appreciation of their functional roles. Beginning at about the turn of this century, new approaches were applied to scrutinize electrical synapses, revealing the prevalence of neuronal gap junctions, the connexin protein composition of many of those junctions, and the myriad diverse neural systems in which they occur in the mammalian CNS. Subsequent progress indicated that electrical synapses constitute key elements in synaptic circuitry, govern the collective activity of ensembles of electrically coupled neurons, and in part orchestrate the synchronized neuronal network activity and rhythmic oscillations that underlie fundamental integrative processes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Gap Junction Proteins edited by Jean Claude Herve. Highlights ? Analyses of electrical synapses in lower vertebrates led to their study in mammals. ? Key factors revealed functional roles of electrical synapses in mammalian CNS. ? Neuronal gap junctions are structurally diverse and occur between various neuron types. ? Morphologically mixed synapses are identified at many sites in the mammalian CNS. ? Recent advances point to exciting new research directions.
机译：摘要间隙交叉点为神经元之间的电气突触提供基础。下脊椎动物明确的电路的早期研究为理解电突触传输赋予的各种性能的基础。哺乳动物系统中围绕电气突触的知识首先展开，证据表明各种脑区中神经元之间的间隙连接的存在，但对其功能作用的升高几乎没有欣赏。从本世纪之交开始，应用了新方法来仔细审查电突触，揭示神经元间隙交叉点的患病率，其中许多联结的联系蛋白组合物，以及它们在哺乳动物CNS中发生的多种多种神经系统。随后的进展表明，电突触构成突触电路中的关键元素，控制电耦合神经元的集合的集体活性，并且部分协调同步神经元网络活动和基本综合过程的有节奏振荡。本文是题为的特殊问题的一部分：Jean Claude Herve编辑的Gap Junction蛋白。强调 ？下脊椎动物电突触的分析导致他们在哺乳动物中的研究。还关键因素揭示了哺乳动物CNS中电突触的功能作用。还神经元间隙连接在结构上是多样的，并且在各种神经元类型之间发生。还在哺乳动物CNS中的许多网站上鉴定了形态学混合突触。还最近的进步指出令人兴奋的新研究方向。

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