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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >The underlying physiological mechanisms whereby anticholinergics alleviate asthma
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The underlying physiological mechanisms whereby anticholinergics alleviate asthma

机译：抗胆碱能药缓解哮喘的潜在生理机制

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The mechanisms whereby anticholinergics improve asthma outcomes, such as lung function, symptoms, and rate of exacerbation, can be numerous. The most obvious is by affecting the contraction of airway smooth muscle (ASM). The acetylcholine released from the cholinergic nerves is the most important bronchoconstrictor that sets the baseline degree of contractile activation of ASM in healthy individuals. Although the degree of ASM's contractile activation can also be fine-tuned by a plethora of other bronchoconstrictors and bronchodilators in asthma, blocking the ceaseless effect of acetylcholine on ASM by anticholinergics reduces, at any given moment, the overall degree of contractile activation. Because the relationships that exist between the degree of contractile activation, ASM force, ASM shortening, airway narrowing, airflow resistance, and respiratory resistance are not linear, small decreases in the contractile activation of ASM can be greatly amplified and thus translate into important benefits to a patient's well-being. Plus, many inflammatory and remodeling features that are often found in asthmatic lungs synergize with the contractile activation of ASM to increase respiratory resistance. This review recalls that the proven effectiveness of anticholinergics in the treatment of asthma could be merely attributed to a small reduction in the contractile activation of ASM.
机译：抗胆碱能器改善哮喘结果的机制，例如肺功能，症状和加重率，可能是众多的。最明显的是影响气道平滑肌（ASM）的收缩。从胆碱能神经中释放的乙酰胆碱是最重要的支气管扩张剂，其在健康个体中设定ASM的接收活化的基线。虽然ASM的收缩激活程度也可以通过哮喘中的血清血管基团和支气管扩张剂进行微调，但在任何特定的时刻，在任何特定的时刻都会阻断乙酰胆碱对ASM的不断的影响。由于收缩激活程度，ASM力，ASM缩短，气道缩小，气流抗性和呼吸阻力之间存在的关系不是线性的，可以大大放大ASM的收缩激活的小降低，从而转化为重要的益处患者的幸福。此外，许多炎症和重塑特征，通常在哮喘肺部中发现，随着ASM的收缩激活而促进呼吸抗性。该综述回顾说，抗胆碱能器在治疗哮喘治疗中的有效性仅归因于ASM的收缩激活的少量减少。

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