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首页> 外文期刊>Bulletin of earthquake engineering >Dynamic behaviour of Tagus River sand including liquefaction
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Dynamic behaviour of Tagus River sand including liquefaction

机译：Tagus河砂的动态行为，包括液化

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In the framework of a third Tagus River crossing, through an immersed tunnel, advanced laboratory tests were performed on its highly liquefiable foundation sand. To characterize the cyclic behaviour of the sand and to support the use of advanced constitutive models in the design of the tunnel, key to simulate liquefaction realistically in such a complex project, five cyclic undrained torsional tests were executed. These tests, in which imposed strain increases progressively until and during liquefaction, considering strain amplitude levels with a limited number of cycles, allow a more thorough study of the phase after initial liquefaction than the usual test with constant stress amplitude and the necessary number of cycles to attain liquefaction. Additionally, they provide high quality data, essential to calibrate advanced constitutive models. From their analysis, it is concluded, as expected, that the number of cycles until initial liquefaction increases with relative density and confining pressure. Moreover, while before initial liquefaction maximum excess pore pressure amplitude is due to sand softening and consequent pore pressure build-up, after initial liquefaction it usually happens at the first cycle, being related to an initial higher dilation tendency, before particles loose contact. Finally, the damping ratio increases until a peak value, and then, just before initial liquefaction, generally decreases till the end of the test.
机译：在第三塔斯河流穿越的框架中，通过浸入的隧道，在其高度液化的基础砂上进行先进的实验室测试。为了表征沙子的循环行为并支持在隧道设计中使用先进的本构模型，在这种复杂的项目中逼真地模拟液化，执行了五个循环不驱动的扭转测试。这些测试，其中施加的应变逐渐增加，直到液化期间，考虑到具有有限数量的循环级别的应变幅度水平，允许在初始液化之后更彻底地研究比通常的恒定应力幅度和必要的循环次数的常用测试。达到液化。此外，它们提供了高质量的数据，以校准高级本构模型必不可少。从它们的分析中，正如预期的那样，它结束了循环次数，直到初始液化增加，以相对密度和限制压力增加。此外，在初始液化之前，最大过量的孔隙压力幅度是由于砂软化和随后的孔隙压力积聚，而在初始液化之后，它通常发生在第一循环中，与初始较高的扩张趋势相关，颗粒松散接触之前。最后，阻尼比增加直到峰值，然后，在初始液化之前，通常降低到测试结束之前。

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