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Actin on DNA-an ancient and dynamic relationship.

机译：DNA上的肌动蛋白是一种古老而动态的关系。

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In the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells the coordinated assembly of actin filaments drives essential cell biological processes, such as cell migration. The discovery of prokaryotic actin homologues, as well as the appreciation of the existence of nuclear actin, have expanded the scope by which the actin family is utilized in different cell types. In bacteria, actin has been implicated in DNA movement tasks, while the connection with the RNA polymerase machinery appears to exist in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Within the nucleus, actin has further been shown to play a role in chromatin remodeling and RNA processing, possibly acting to link these to transcription, thereby facilitating the gene expression process. The molecular mechanism by which actin exerts these newly discovered functions is still unclear, because while polymer formation seems to be required in bacteria, these species lack conventional actin-binding proteins to regulate the process. Furthermore, although the nucleus contains a plethora of actin-regulating factors, the polymerization status of actin within this compartment still remains unclear. General theme, however, seems to be actin's ability to interact with numerous binding partners. A common feature to the novel modes of actin utilization is the connection between actin and DNA, and here we aim to review the recent literature to explore how this connection is exploited in different contexts.
机译：在真核细胞的细胞质中，肌动蛋白丝的协调装配驱动基本的细胞生物学过程，例如细胞迁移。原核肌动蛋白同源物的发现，以及对核肌动蛋白存在的认识，扩大了肌动蛋白家族在不同细胞类型中利用的范围。在细菌中，肌动蛋白已经牵涉到DNA运动任务中，而与RNA聚合酶机制的联系似乎在原核生物和真核生物中都存在。在细胞核内，肌动蛋白还被证明在染色质重塑和RNA加工中起作用，可能将它们与转录联系起来，从而促进了基因表达过程。肌动蛋白发挥这些新发现的功能的分子机制仍不清楚，因为尽管细菌似乎需要形成聚合物，但这些物种缺乏常规的肌动蛋白结合蛋白来调节过程。此外，尽管核中含有过多的肌动蛋白调节因子，但肌动蛋白在该隔室内的聚合状态仍然不清楚。然而，总的主题似乎是肌动蛋白与众多具有约束力的伴侣相互作用的能力。肌动蛋白利用的新型模式的一个共同特征是肌动蛋白和DNA之间的联系，在这里我们旨在回顾最近的文献，以探索在不同情况下如何利用这种联系。

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