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Etomoxir Inhibits Macrophage Polarization by Disrupting CoA Homeostasis

机译:Etomoxir通过破坏CoA稳态来抑制巨噬细胞极化

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Long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) oxidation has been shown to play an important role in interleukin-4 (IL-4)-mediated macrophage polarization (M(IL-4)). However, many of these conclusions are based on the inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 with high concentrations of etomoxir that far exceed what is required to inhibit enzyme activity (EC90?< 3?μM). We employ genetic and pharmacologic models to demonstrate that LCFA oxidation is largely dispensable for IL-4-driven polarization. Unexpectedly, high concentrations of etomoxir retained the ability to disrupt M(IL-4) polarization in the absence ofCpt1aorCpt2expression. Although excess etomoxir inhibits the adenine nucleotide translocase, oxidative phosphorylation is surprisingly dispensable for M(IL-4). Instead, the block in polarization was traced to depletion of intracellular free coenzyme?A (CoA), likely resulting from conversion of the pro-drug etomoxir into active etomoxiryl CoA. These studies help explain the effect(s) of excess etomoxir on immune cells and reveal an unappreciated role for CoA metabolism in macrophage polarization.
机译:已显示长链脂肪酸(LCFA)氧化在白细胞介素-4(IL-4)介导的巨噬细胞极化(M(IL-4))中起重要作用。然而,这些结论中的许多结论基于肉毒氨基棕榈酰转移酶-1具有高浓度的Etomoxir,即远远超过抑制酶活性所需的东西(EC90?<3μm)。我们使用遗传和药理学模型来证明LCFA氧化大大可用于IL-4驱动的极化。出乎意料地,高浓度的戊唑氏毒素保留了在不存在缺失的情况下破坏M(IL-4)偏振的能力。虽然过量的戊嘧唑抑制腺嘌呤核苷酸旋流蛋白酶,但氧化磷酸化对于M(IL-4)令人惊讶地分配。相反,偏振中的块被追溯到细胞内自由辅酶α(COA)的耗尽,这可能是将替代药戊酮转化为活性戊氧基氧基辅酶。这些研究有助于解释过量的戊类药物对免疫细胞的影响,并揭示了在巨噬细胞极化中的COA代谢的未经申请的作用。

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