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Targeting myeloid cells in the tumor sustaining microenvironment

机译：靶向肿瘤持续微环境中的骨髓细胞

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摘要

Myeloid cells are the most abundant cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The tumor recruits and modulates endogenous myeloid cells to tumor-associated macrophages (TAM), dendritic cells (DC), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and neutrophils (TAN), to sustain an immunosuppressive environment. Pathologically overexpressed mediators produced by cancer cells like granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating- and vascular endothelial growth factor induce myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. Excess of myeloid cells in the blood, periphery and tumor has been associated with tumor burden. In cancer, myeloid cells are kept at an immature state of differentiation to be diverted to an immunosuppressive phenotype. Here, we review human myeloid cells in the TME and the mechanisms for sustaining the hallmarks of cancer. Simultaneously, we provide an introduction into current and novel therapeutic approaches to redirect myeloid cells from a cancer promoting to a rather inflammatory, cancer inhibiting phenotype. In addition, the role of platelets for tumor promotion is discussed.
机译：骨髓细胞是肿瘤微环境（TME）中最丰富的细胞。肿瘤再生和调节内源性骨髓细胞以肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞（TAM），树突状细胞（DC），霉菌衍生的抑制细胞（MDSC）和中性粒细胞（TAN），以维持免疫抑制环境。通过粒细胞 - 巨噬细胞殖民地刺激和血管内皮生长因子等癌细胞产生的病理上过表达介质诱导骨髓中的髓鞘。血液，周边和肿瘤中过量的骨髓细胞已与肿瘤负担有关。在癌症中，髓样细胞保持不成熟的分化状态以被转移到免疫抑制表型。在这里，我们在TME中审查人髓样细胞以及维持癌症标志的机制。同时，我们提供介绍当前和新的治疗方法，以将骨髓细胞从促进炎症的癌症中的癌症重定向到促进癌症抑制表型的癌症中。此外，讨论了血小板对肿瘤促进的作用。

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