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Catalysis of Peroxide Reduction by Fast Reacting Protein Thiols

机译：通过快速反应蛋白硫醇催化过氧化物减少

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摘要

Life on Earth evolved in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, and other peroxides also emerged before and with the rise of aerobic metabolism. They were considered only as toxic byproducts for many years. Nowadays, peroxides are also regarded as metabolic products that play essential physiological cellular roles. Organisms have developed efficient mechanisms to metabolize peroxides, mostly based on two kinds of redox chemistry, catalases/peroxidases that depend on the heme prosthetic group to afford peroxide reduction and thiol-based peroxidases that support their redox activities on specialized fast reacting cysteine/selenocysteine (Cys/Sec) residues. Among the last group, glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) and peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are the most widespread and abundant families, and they are the leitmotif of this review. After presenting the properties and roles of different peroxides in biology, we discuss the chemical mechanisms of peroxide reduction by low molecular weight thiols, Prxs, GPxs, and other thiol-based peroxidases. Special attention is paid to the catalytic properties of Prxs and also to the importance and comparative outlook of the properties of Sec and its role in GPxs. To finish, we describe and discuss the current views on the activities of thiol-based peroxidases in peroxide-mediated redox signaling processes.
机译：地球上的生命在过氧化氢的存在下演变，并且其他过氧化物也出现在有氧代谢之前。它们仅被视为多年来的毒性副产品。如今，过氧化物也被认为是起到基本生理细胞作用的代谢产物。生物已经发展了高效的机制来代谢过氧化物，主要是基于两种氧化还原化学，依赖于血红学假体的过氧化钠/过氧化物酶，得到过氧化氧化物还原和基于硫醇的过氧化物酶，其支持其在专用快速反应半胱氨酸/硒细胞中的氧化还原活性（ cys / sec）残留物。在最后一组中，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）和过氧杂毒素（PRXS）是最普遍的和丰富的家庭，它们是本综述的雷塔米特。在生物学中呈现不同过氧化物的性质和作用之后，我们讨论了低分子量硫醇，PRX，GPX和其他硫醇基过氧酶的过氧化物的化学机制。特别注意PRX的催化性质以及SEC性质的重要性和比较前景及其在GPX中的作用。为了完成，我们描述并讨论了关于过氧化物介导的氧化还原信号传导过程中基于硫醇的过氧化物酶活性的目录。

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  • 来源
    《Chemical Reviews》 |2019年第19期|共27页
  • 作者

    Zeida Ari; Trujillo Madia; Ferrer-Sueta Gerardo; Denicola Ana; Estrin Dario A.; Radi Rafael;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Republica Dept Bioquim Montevideo 11800 Uruguay;

    Univ Republica Dept Bioquim Montevideo 11800 Uruguay;

    Univ Republica Ctr Invest Biomed CEINBIO Fac Med Montevideo 11800 Uruguay;

    Univ Republica Ctr Invest Biomed CEINBIO Fac Med Montevideo 11800 Uruguay;

    Univ Buenos Aires Dept Quim Inorgan Analit &

    Quim Fis Fac Ciencias Exactas &

    Nat RA-2160 Buenos Aires DF Argentina;

    Univ Republica Dept Bioquim Montevideo 11800 Uruguay;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化学;
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