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Rhenium-188: Availability from the 188W/ 188Re generator and status of current applications

机译：hen188：188W / 188Re发生器的可用性和当前应用程序的状态

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摘要

Rhenium-188 is one of the most readily available generator derived and useful radionuclides for therapy emitting β - particles (2.12 MeV, 71.1% and 1.965 MeV, 25.6%) and imageable gammas (155 keV, 15.1%). The 188W/ 188Re generator is an ideal source for the long term (4-6 months) continuous availability of no carrier added (nca) 188Re suitable for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals for radionuclide therapy. The challenges associated with the double neutron capture route of production of the parent 188W radionuclide have been a major impediment in the progress of application of 188Re. Tungsten- 188 of adequate specific activity can be prepared only in 2-3 of the high flux reactors operating in the World. Several useful technologies have been developed for the preparation of clinical grade 188W/ 188Re generators. Since the specific activity of 188W used in the generator is relatively low 185 GBq(5 Ci)/g], the eluted 188ReO4 - can have low radioactive concentration often insufficient for radiopharmaceutical preparation. However, several efficient post elution concentration techniques have been developed that yield clinically useful 188ReO 4 - solutions. Rhenium- 188 has been used for the preparation of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals for the management of diseases such as bone metastasis, rheumatoid arthritis and primary cancers. Several early phase clinical studies using radiopharmaceuticals based on 188Re-labeled phosphonates, antibodies, peptides, lipiodol and particulates have been reported. This article reviews the availability and use of 188Re including a discussion of why broader use of 188Re has not progressed as expected as a popular radionuclide for therapy.
机译：hen188是最容易获得的发生器衍生和有用的放射性核素之一，可用于放射治疗的β粒子（2.12 MeV，71.1％和1.965 MeV，25.6％）和可成像的伽马射线（155 keV，15.1％）。 188W / 188Re发生器是长期（4-6个月）不添加任何载体的持续可用性的理想电源（nca）188Re，适用于制备用于放射性核素治疗的放射性药物。与母体188W放射性核素的双重中子捕获生产路线相关的挑战已成为188Re应用进展的主要障碍。仅在世界上运行的2-3个高通量反应堆中，才能制备出具有足够比活度的钨188。已经开发了几种有用的技术来制备临床级188W / 188Re发生器。由于发生器中使用的188W的比活度相对较低，仅为185 GBq（<5 Ci）/ g，因此洗脱的188ReO4-的放射性浓度通常较低，不足以用于放射性药物制备。但是，已经开发了几种有效的洗脱后浓缩技术，可产生临床上有用的188ReO 4-溶液。 hen188已被用于制备治疗放射性药物的疾病，例如骨转移，类风湿性关节炎和原发性癌症。已经报道了使用基于188Re标记的膦酸酯，抗体，肽，碘油和微粒的放射性药物进行的几项早期临床研究。本文回顾了188Re的可用性和用途，并讨论了为什么188Re作为流行的放射性核素不能像预期的那样得到广泛应用。

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