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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Reduced tillage production system alternatives for processing tomatoes and cotton in California's San Joaquin valley.
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Reduced tillage production system alternatives for processing tomatoes and cotton in California's San Joaquin valley.

机译：在加利福尼亚州圣华金河谷加工西红柿和棉花的耕种减少了耕作生产系统。

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Less than 1% of row crop acreage in California is currently farmed using conservation tillage (CT) practices. Adoption of CT systems in California has, however, increasingly been seen as a potential means for improving profitability, reducing energy use, and sustaining resources. Several studies are currently underway throughout the state to explore cropping system options for reducing tillage. In the autumn of 1999, we established a 3.2-hectare field experiment comparing conservation and standard (ST) tomato and cotton production systems with and without winter cover crops in Five Points, California, USA. To date, this work has demonstrated that planting and harvesting these crops with CT systems is possible given some equipment modifications and that yields can be maintained relatively close to those of standard tillage in CT crop residue environments. Data from the second year of this study indicate that tomato yields in the CT+or-cover crop systems were similar to those in the ST plots, with an elimination of 3 to 4 tillage operations following the preceding year's cotton crop in the CT plots relative to the standard till systems. This study is the first of its kind in California to systematically compare tillage system alternatives through a crop rotation. Longer-term implications of these reduced till regimes in terms of soil compaction, water use, profitability, soil carbon sequestration, insect, weed and disease pests are being evaluated as the study progresses through an eight-year cycle.
机译：目前，加利福尼亚州使用保护性耕作（CT）方式种植的行作物种植面积不到1％。但是，越来越多的加利福尼亚人认为采用CT系统是提高盈利能力，减少能源使用和维持资源的潜在手段。目前，全州正在进行多项研究，以探索减少耕种的耕作制度选择。在1999年秋天，我们建立了一个3.2公顷的田间试验，比较了美国加利福尼亚州五点市有无冬种作物的保护性和标准（ST）番茄和棉花生产系统。迄今为止，这项工作表明，只要对设备进行一些改造，就可以使用CT系统种植和收获这些作物，并且在CT作物残留环境下，其产量可以保持相对接近标准耕作的水平。该研究第二年的数据表明，CT +或覆盖作物系统中的番茄产量与ST情节相似，在上一年的CT情节中，相对于前一年的棉花作物，取消了3至4次耕作到标准的耕作系统。这项研究是加利福尼亚州同类研究中的首个，该研究通过轮作系统比较耕作制度的替代方案。随着研究历时八年，正在对这些减少耕作制度的长期影响进行评估，包括土壤紧实度，用水量，获利能力，土壤固碳，昆虫，杂草和病虫害。

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