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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Sustainable vegetable production: effects of cropping systems on weed and insect population dynamics.
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Sustainable vegetable production: effects of cropping systems on weed and insect population dynamics.

机译：可持续蔬菜生产：种植系统对杂草和昆虫种群动态的影响。

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Sustainable agriculture continues to attract the attention of policy makers, researchers, and growers. While a lot of research and extension activities have been devoted to sustainable production systems in agronomic crops, there have been few studies on vegetables. This study was conducted in 1999 and 2000 to evaluate the effect of cover crops and management systems on weed and insect populations in lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Cover crops treatments included cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Sudan grass, (Sorghum bicolor), and the traditional summer dry fallow. Management systems included conventional (CNV), integrated (ICM), and organic (ORG) systems. Cover crops were grown in the summer, followed by autumn lettuce. Over the two years, cover crops had no effect on insect populations in lettuce, as neither cover crop is an alternate hosts for lettuce insect pests. However, the population of cabbage loopers (Trichoplusia ni) increased at the end of each growing season in cowpea mulch plots. The increase in loopers was greater in 2000 than in 1999. The cowpea cover crop suppressed weeds and increased yield. Lettuce yield was reduced when Sudan grass was the previous crop. Soil analyses strongly suggest a possible allelopathic interaction between Sudan grass residues and lettuce. The ICM system reduced production inputs. For example, the number of insecticide applications was reduced from four to one without an increase in insect damage. After two years, the ORG system produced lettuce yield equivalent to that obtained in the CNV system. Cowpea cover crop offers many advantages in vegetable-based cropping systems. Cowpea and Sudan grass are compatible with CNV, ICM, and ORG management systems.
机译：可持续农业继续吸引决策者，研究人员和种植者的注意力。尽管许多研究和推广活动致力于农作物的可持续生产系统，但对蔬菜的研究很少。这项研究于1999年和2000年进行，以评估覆盖作物和管理系统对莴苣（莴苣）中杂草和昆虫种群的影响。覆盖作物的处理方法包括cow豆（Vigna unguiculata），苏丹草，高粱（Sorghum bicolor）和传统的夏季干燥休耕法。管理系统包括常规（CNV），集成（ICM）和有机（ORG）系统。夏季种植盖作作物，然后是秋季生菜。在过去的两年中，覆盖作物对生菜中的昆虫种群没有影响，因为这两种覆盖作物都不是生菜害虫的替代寄主。但是，在每个cow豆覆盖地块中，每个生长季节结束时，白菜弯角（Trichoplusia ni）的种群都增加了。与2000年相比，2000年弯loop的增加更大。The豆覆盖作物抑制了杂草并提高了产量。苏丹草为前茬作物时，莴苣产量下降。土壤分析强烈表明苏丹草残留物和生菜之间可能存在化感作用。 ICM系统减少了生产投入。例如，杀虫剂的施用次数从四次减少到一次，而没有增加昆虫的伤害。两年后，ORG系统产生的生菜产量与CNV系统中获得的相当。 vegetable豆覆盖作物在蔬菜种植系统中具有许多优势。 pea豆和苏丹草与CNV，ICM和ORG管理系统兼容。

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