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Coal bursts that occur during development: A rock mechanics enigma

机译：开发期间发生的煤爆发：岩石力学谜

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摘要

Coal bursts are typically associated with highly stressed coal. Most bursts occur during retreat mining (longwall mining or pillar recovery) in highly stressed locations like the tailgate corner of the longwall panel. Others are associated with multiple seam interactions. However, a small but significant percentage of coal bursts have occurred during development or in outby locations unaffected by active mining. Most development bursts have been relatively small, but some have been highly destructive. No theory of coal bursts can be complete if it does not account for this type of event. This paper focusses on the development mining coal burst experience in the US, putting it into the context of the entire US coal burst database. The first documented development coal burst occurred almost exactly 100 years ago during slope drivage at the Sunnyside Mine in Utah. Sunnyside subsequently had a long history of bursts, mainly during retreat mining but also during development. Several Colorado mines have also experienced multiple development bursts. Many, but by no means all, of the development bursts in these western US coalfields have been associated with known faults. In the Central Appalachian coalfields, most development bursts have occurred in multiple seam situations. In some of these cases, however, there was no retreat mining in either seam. The paper closes with some lessons from this history, with implications for preventing such events in the future.
机译：煤突发通常与高度压力的煤有关。在撤退挖掘（Longwall Mining或Pillar Recovery）期间发生大多数突发在高压的位置，如Longwall面板的后挡板。其他与多个缝隙相互作用有关。然而，在开发期间发生了小但显着的煤爆发，或者在不受积极采矿的情况下出现突出的地方。大多数开发突发一直相对较小，但有些人已经过度破坏性。如果不考虑这种类型的事件，则无法完成煤突发的理论。本文侧重于美国开发采矿煤突发经验，将其纳入整个美国煤突发数据库的背景下。在犹他州的逊舞区矿山坡驾驶期间，第一个记录的开发煤爆发几乎完全是100年前发生的。 Sunnyside随后历史悠久的爆发，主要是在撤退矿业期间，也在开发期间。几个科罗拉多矿也经历了多种开发爆发。许多人，但绝不是所有的，这些西方美国煤田的开发突发都与已知的错位有关。在阿巴拉契亚煤田中部，大多数开发突发都发生在多个煤层局势中。然而，在这些情况中的一些情况下，在任何一个接缝中都没有撤退挖掘。本文与这一历史的一些教训，有影响来防止未来此类事件。

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