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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Nematodes of bananas and plantains in Africa: research trends and management strategies relating to the small-scale farmer.
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Nematodes of bananas and plantains in Africa: research trends and management strategies relating to the small-scale farmer.

机译：非洲香蕉和车前草的线虫：与小农有关的研究趋势和管理策略。

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Historically, research on nematode pests of Musa spp. in Africa has largely been confined to commercial dessert bananas. Over 85% of published work until ten years ago related to these cash crops and mainly to one nematode, Radopholus similis. In the past decade, nematode research on plantain and highland banana food crops, and other nematodes has steadily increased. There are 17 species of Musa root nematodes in Africa that are recognized to have possible economic importance. Some species are widely distributed in Africa, others are localized; some are indigenous, others are introduced. Of these, most attention has been directed at R. similis, Pratylenchus goodeyi, P. coffeae, Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Hoplolaimus pararobustus, and Meloidogyne spp. The nematode problems in Africa that are still largely, or partly, unanswered mainly come under two headings: firstly, the need for a greater biological understanding of the different nematodes in relation to other constraints, and secondly, identifying control measures that are effective and applicable particularly for the small-scale farmers. The question of how much knowledge gained on commercial bananas is transferable to the problems of nematodes on Musa food crops, especially on their control, has to be addressed. Earlier recommendations for nematological research priorities in Africa have advocated emphasis on non-chemical control strategies (e.g., cultural methods, use of in vitro plantlets, and biological control), and improved information on the relative economic importance and pathogenic variability of different nematodes. The relevance of these to present circumstances and suggestions for additional work on other important aspects, such as banana and plantain cropping systems, is discussed.
机译：历史上，对芭蕉属线虫害虫的研究。在非洲，香蕉基本上只限于商业甜点香蕉。到十年前，超过85％的已发表著作与这些经济作物有关，并且主要与一种线虫Radopholus similis有关。在过去的十年中，对车前草和高地香蕉粮食作物以及其他线虫的线虫研究稳步增长。非洲有17种Musa根线虫，被认为具有潜在的经济重要性。一些物种在非洲广泛分布，另一些则是本地化的。有些是土著的，有些是引进的。在这些中，最受关注的对象是拟南芥，Prattylenchus goodeyi，咖啡菌，Helicotylenchus multicinctus，Hoplolaimus pararobustus和Meloidogyne spp。非洲仍然基本上或部分尚未得到解决的线虫问题主要有两个方面：第一，需要对与其他限制因素有关的不同线虫有更深入的生物学了解;其次，确定有效和适用的控制措施特别是对于小农。必须解决从商业香蕉中获得的多少知识可以转移到Musa粮食作物上的线虫问题，特别是在其控制方面的问题。较早的关于非洲线虫学研究重点的建议主张强调非化学控制策略（例如，培养方法，体外试管苗的使用和生物控制），并改进有关不同线虫的相对经济重要性和病原变异性的信息。讨论了这些因素与当前状况的相关性，以及在其他重要方面（如香蕉和大蕉种植系统）的其他工作的建议。

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