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首页> 外文期刊>Cognitive Psychology >How the input shapes the acquisition of verb morphology: Elicited production and computational modelling in two highly inflected languages
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How the input shapes the acquisition of verb morphology: Elicited production and computational modelling in two highly inflected languages

机译：输入如何塑造动词形态的获取：以两种高度变化的语言引发生产和计算建模

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摘要

The aim of the present work was to develop a computational model of how children acquire inflectional morphology for marking person and number; one of the central challenges in language development. First, in order to establish which putative learning phenomena are sufficiently robust to constitute a target for modelling, we ran large-scale elicited production studies with native learners of Finnish (N = 77; 35-63 months) and Polish (N = 81; 35-59 months), using a novel method that, unlike previous studies, allows for elicitation of all six person/number forms in the paradigm (first, second and third person; singular and plural). We then proceeded to build and test a connectionist model of the acquisition of person/number marking which not only acquires near adult-like mastery of the system (including generalisation to unseen items), but also yields all of the key phenomena observed in the elicited-production studies; specifically, effects of token frequency and phonological neighbourhood density of the target form, and a pattern whereby errors generally reflect the replacement of low frequency targets by higher-frequency forms of the same verb, or forms with the same person/number as the target, but with a suffix from an inappropriate conjugation class. The findings demonstrate that acquisition of even highly complex systems of inflectional morphology can be accounted for by a theoretical model that assumes rote storage and phonological analogy, as opposed to formal symbolic rules.
机译：本工作的目的是制定儿童如何获得标记人和数量的拐点形态的计算模型;语言发展中的中央挑战之一。首先，为了建立哪种推定的学习现象是构成建模目标的足够强大，我们与芬兰的原生学习者进行大规模引发的生产研究（n = 77; 35-63个月）和波兰（n = 81; 35-59个月），使用与以前的研究不同的新方法，允许在范式（第一，第二和第三人称;单数和复数）中引发所有六个人/数字形式。然后我们继续建立和测试收购人/数字标记的连接主义模型，这不仅可以获得系统的成人掌握附近（包括未经看明物品的概念），而且产生在引发中观察到的所有关键现象 - 生产研究;具体地，目标形式的令牌频率和语音邻域密度的影响，以及误差通常通过相同的动词的更高频率形式反映更换低频目标，或者与目标相同的人/数字形成，但是来自不适当的共轭课的后缀。结果表明，通过假定死记硬背储存和语音类比的理论模型，可以占甚至高度复杂的折射形态系统，而不是正式象征规则。

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