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首页> 外文期刊>Cognition: International Journal of Cognitive Psychology >Examining memory for ritualized gesture in complex causal sequences
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Examining memory for ritualized gesture in complex causal sequences

机译：复杂因果序列中的仪式姿态的记忆

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Humans have created and maintained an exponentially large and sophisticated behavioral corpus over evolutionary time. In no small part this was achieved due to our tendency to imitate behaviours rather than to emulate outcomes. This tendency, however, can lead to inefficiency and redundancy in our behavioral repertoires. Drawing on evidence from multiple fields of psychology, we propose two novel competing hypotheses. The 'catalyst hypothesis' suggests that low (but not high) proportions of ritualized gesture in instrumental action sequences will improve subsequent recall of the entire action sequence (without itself enhancing the instrumental utility of the sequence). Conversely, the 'cost hypothesis' suggests that increasing proportions of ritualized gesture will impair recall, due to the introduction of cognitive load. The null hypothesis states that ritualized gestures are neither beneficial nor costly. In a pre-registered experiment, we presented participants with multiple versions of two complicated 2-min action sequences in which we varied the proportion of ritualized gesture. We then quantified the influence ritualized gesture had on recall for individuals gestures, overall outcomes, and described detail. We found clear evidence that high proportions of ritualized gestures impair recall for individual gestures and overall success, and weak evidence that low proportions increase overall success. At present, we may reject the null, but cannot rule out either of our competing hypotheses. We discuss potential implications for cultural evolution, and generate competing predictions that allow for adjudication between Ritual Modes theory (Whitehouse, 2004) and the 'Cognitive Resource Depletion' account of Religious Interaction (Schjoedt et al., 2013). All files (including data and syntax) are freely available at https://osf.io/spz68/.
机译：人类已经创造并维持了一种在进化时间上的指数巨大和复杂的行为语料库。在没有小部分中，由于我们倾向于模仿行为而不是模拟结果而实现。然而，这种趋势可能导致我们行为曲目中的效率低下和冗余。借鉴来自多个心理学领域的证据，我们提出了两种新的竞争假设。 “催化剂假设”表明，在仪器作用序列中的仪式姿态的低（但不高）的比例将改善随后的整个作用序列（没有提高序列的仪器效用）。相反，“成本假设”表明，由于引入认知负荷，增加了急剧化手势的比例将损失召回。零假设指出仪式化手势既不有益也不是昂贵的。在预先注册的实验中，我们向参与者提出了多个复杂的2分钟动作序列的多个版本，其中我们改变了仪式化手势的比例。然后，我们量化了影响仪式的姿态，召回个人手势，整体结果和描述的细节。我们发现明确的证据表明，对于个别手势和整体成功，高比例损失了，较低的证据表明，低比例增加了整体成功。目前，我们可能会拒绝NULL，但不能排除我们的竞争假设。我们讨论对文化演化的潜在影响，并产生竞争预测，允许仪式模式（Whitehouse，2004）与宗教互动的“认知资源耗尽”审判（Schjoedt等，2013）。所有文件（包括数据和语法）都可以在https://osf.io/spz68/上自由使用。

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