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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Breeding bananas and plantains: from intractability to feasibility.
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Breeding bananas and plantains: from intractability to feasibility.

机译：香蕉和大蕉的繁殖：从难处理到可行。

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摘要

Banana has long been considered intractable to genetic improvement as only landraces are cultivated despite 75 years of breeding endeavours. However, recent advances in several breeding programmes have demonstrated that development of improved germplasm through conventional cross-breeding may eventually result in man-bred cultivars for local consumption and commercial production. Seed set rates are workable in many Musa subgroups. Insight into combining abilities, heterotic groups, and the geneticsof qualitative and quantitative traits has been gained and is being applied to make breeding more efficient. A wide array of breeding schemes is being explored, combining conventional and innovative approaches, and producing potential cultivars from primary tetraploids, secondary triploids and other populations. A number of improved genotypes are undergoing multilocational evaluation, from which knowledge on genotype-by-environment interaction and stability of important traits is acquired. Though someimportant Musa subgroups (Cavendish, False Horn plantain) remain recalcitrant to conventional breeding, biotechnology holds promise for their improvement. The recent interest in banana breeding was mainly sparked by the black sigatoka epidemic, to whichresistance is now readily available. Other major production constraints, particularly nematodes, Fusarium and virus, are now receiving increased attention from breeders. Further progress in breeding may help to make banana a modern crop.
机译：香蕉一直被认为对遗传改良非常棘手，因为尽管进行了75年的育种努力，但仅种植了地方品种。但是，一些育种计划的最新进展表明，通过常规杂交育种改良种质的发展最终可能会导致将人工培育的品种用于本地消费和商业化生产。在许多Musa亚组中，结实率是可行的。已经获得了对结合能力，杂种群体以及定性和定量性状遗传的洞察力，并将其用于提高育种效率。正在探索多种育种方案，将传统方法和创新方法相结合，并从初级四倍体，次级三倍体和其他种群中产生潜在的品种。许多改良的基因型正在接受多地点评估，从中获得有关基因型-环境相互作用和重要性状稳定性的知识。尽管某些重要的Musa子类（Cavendish，False Horn车前草）仍然对常规育种不服，但生物技术有望对其进行改良。最近人们对香蕉育种的兴趣主要是由黑色sigatoka流行引起的，现在已经很容易获得抗药性。其他主要的生产限制，特别是线虫，镰刀菌和病毒，现在受到育种者的更多关注。育种的进一步进展可能有助于使香蕉成为现代作物。

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