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A Review of Strain and Sex Differences in Response to Pain and Analgesia in Mice

机译：对小鼠疼痛和镇痛的应变和性差异的综述

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Pain and its alleviation are currently a highly studied issue in human health. Research on pain and response to analgesia has evolved to include the effects of genetics, heritability, and sex as important components in both humans and animals. The laboratory mouse is the major animal studied in the field of pain and analgesia. Studying the inbred mouse to understand how genetic heritable traits and/or sex influence pain and analgesia has added valuable information to the complex nature of pain as a human disease. In the context of biomedical research, identifying pain and ensuring its control through analgesia in research animals remains one of the hallmark responsibilities of the research community. Advancements in both human and mouse genomic research shed light not only on the need to understand how both strain and sex affect the mouse pain response but also on how these research achievements can be used to improve the humane use of all research animal species. A better understanding of how strain and sex affect the response to pain may allow researchers to improve study design and thereby the reproducibility of animal research studies. The need to use both sexes, along with an improved understanding of how genetic heritability affects nociception and analgesic sensitivity, remains a key priority for pain researchers working with mice. This review summarizes the current literature on how strain and sex alter the response to pain and analgesia in the modern research mouse, and highlights the importance of both strain and sex selection in pain research.
机译：痛苦及其缓解目前是人类健康的高度研究问题。对镇痛的疼痛和反应的研究进化了包括遗传，遗传性和性别的影响，作为人类和动物的重要组成部分。实验室小鼠是在疼痛和镇痛领域学习的主要动物。研究近交老鼠以了解遗传遗传性状和/或性别影响疼痛和镇痛的痛苦如何为人类疾病的痛苦性质增加了有价值的信息。在生物医学研究的背景下，通过研究群体识别疼痛和通过镇痛的控制仍然是研究界的标志责任之一。人类和小鼠基因组研究的进步不仅需要了解菌株和性别如何影响小鼠疼痛反应，而且还要如何利用这些研究成果来改善所有研究动物种类的人道使用。更好地了解如何应变和性别如何影响对疼痛的反应，可以允许研究人员改善研究设计，从而改善动物研究的再现性。需要使用两性的需要改善了解遗传遗传性如何影响伤害性和镇痛敏感性，仍然是疼痛研究人员与小鼠一起使用的关键优先事项。本综述总结了目前关于菌株和性别如何改变现代研究小鼠疼痛和镇痛的对痛苦和镇痛的文献，并突出了疼痛研究中应变和性别选择的重要性。

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