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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Understanding the Musa genome: an update.
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Understanding the Musa genome: an update.

机译：了解Musa基因组：更新。

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摘要

Scientific strategies for crop improvement ensue from genetic knowledge gain from the relevant breeding populations. Few genetic studies were undertaken in Musa before the 1990s, despite the importance of the crop in human diet in the tropics. It was believed that genetic studies of most cultivated Musa, a virtually sterile triploid crop, were impossible. This explains the absence, until recently, of inheritance studies in triploid plantain and banana and the lack of genetic markers. Although several characteristics of the Musa crop make genetic analysis difficult, the production of euploid test-cross segregating populations obtained from triploid-diploid crosses has made inheritance studies possible. Thus, plantain and banana genomes have been investigated at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) since 1992. This paper provides insight into the genetics of black sigatoka and banana weevil resistance, pseudostem waxiness, virus susceptibility, apical dominance and suckering behaviour, dwarfism, bunch orientation, fruit parthenocarpy, and male fertility. It also discusses the effects of genetic markers, ploidy and the environment on quantitative variation of disease and pest resistance as well as growth parameters of yield. This new knowledge has provided important information to develop IITA's scientific breeding strategy for the genetic improvement of plantain and banana.
机译：从相关育种群体获得遗传知识，就可以得出科学的农作物改良策略。尽管该作物在热带地区的人类饮食中具有重要意义，但在1990年代之前，在Musa进行的基因研究很少。人们认为不可能对大多数栽培的Musa（实际上是不育的三倍体作物）进行遗传研究。这解释了直到最近，三倍体车前草和香蕉的遗传研究还缺乏，以及遗传标记的缺乏。尽管Musa作物的几个特征使遗传分析变得困难，但是从三倍体-二倍体杂交获得的整倍体测试-杂交分离群体的产生使遗传研究成为可能。因此，自1992年以来，国际热带农业研究所（IITA）对车前草和香蕉的基因组进行了研究。本文提供了对黑世嘉卡和香蕉象鼻虫的抗性，假茎蜡质，病毒易感性，根尖和吸盘行为，侏儒症的遗传学的见解。 ，束方向，果实单性结实和雄性育性。它还讨论了遗传标记，倍性和环境对疾病和害虫抗性以及产量增长参数的定量变化的影响。这些新知识为开发IITA的车前草和香蕉遗传改良的科学育种策略提供了重要信息。

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