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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >In vitro selection and commercial release of Guava Wilt resistant rootstocks.
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In vitro selection and commercial release of Guava Wilt resistant rootstocks.

机译：番石榴抗性砧木的体外选择和商业发行。

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摘要

Guava wilt disease (GWD) (caused by Penicillium vermoensenii) has resulted in the loss of more than half the guava plantings in the northeastern region of South Africa. Control measures, other than eradication of diseased trees, do not exist. Consequently, it was of critical importance for the guava industry that a cultivar with an adequate degree of tolerance was found, and that trees with such tolerance were rapidly multiplied for commercial release before the industry collapsed. Cell free filtrates derived from P. vermoesenii were used to screen thirty thousand guava seedlings (derived from open-pollinated Fan relief cultivar) in vitro. Ten promising selections were made and cloned in tissue culture. Three of the selections exhibited 100% tolerance or resistance to GWD. The major advantage of using this technique to screen for resistance, is that the juvenile growth phase of the plants could be maintained. This facilitated the use of nodal and split-nodal cuttings from tissue culture-derived rammets, instead of the slow, conventional propagation techniques such as air-layering and hardwood cuttings. As a result, 25% of the trees lost to GWD in South Africa have been replaced by trees with tolerant rootstocks within a research period of five years.
机译：番石榴枯萎病（GWD）（由青霉菌引起）导致南非东北地区一半以上的番石榴播种面积损失。除根除患病树木外，没有其他控制措施。因此，对于番石榴产业而言，至关重要的是找到一种具有足够耐性的品种，并且在这种产业崩溃之前，具有这种耐性的树木会迅速繁殖以用于商业发行。在体外，使用来自绿僵菌的无细胞滤液筛选了三万株番石榴幼苗（来自开放授粉的番荔枝品种）。进行十个有希望的选择，并将其克隆到组织培养物中。三个选择对GWD表现出100％的耐受性或抗性。使用该技术筛选抗性的主要优点是可以维持植物的幼年生长期。这促进了使用源自组织培养夯锤的节和分节插条，而不是缓慢的常规传播技术（如空气分层和硬木插条）的使用。结果，在为期五年的研究期内，南非有25％的树木因树木失明而掉落，被具有耐性砧木的树木所取代。

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