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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Methyl bromide alternatives on horticultural crops.
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Methyl bromide alternatives on horticultural crops.

机译：园艺作物上的甲基溴替代品。

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摘要

A very intensive crop rotation with three to four crops per year, which is typical in Valencia (Spain), frequently includes the earth almond (Cyperus esculentus) that acts as a weed for the next crop. Methyl bromide (MB) is the preferred fumigant tocontrol both diseases and weeds in this kind of rotation. A crop rotation was studied which begins with an escarole [Cichorium endivia] crop (September to January), followed by potato (February to May) and watermelon (May to August). The following treatments were compared: (i) non-fumigated control; (ii) standard MB polyethylene (PE) 60 g/m2; (iii) MB with virtually impermeable film at 30 g/m2; (iv) solarization + manure at 5 kg/m2; (v) solarization + metam 36 g/m2; (vi) Telone [1,3-dichloropropene] C35 mechanical application at 40 g/m2; (vii) Telone at 18 g/m2 + metam at 108 g/m2. All treatments effectively controlled weeds compared to the non-treated control. Only the escarole crop became infected with Sclerotinia minor and treatments (ii) and (vii)provided very good protection. No specific pathogens were found in the potato and watermelon crops.
机译：轮作非常密集，每年轮作三到四种作物，这在瓦伦西亚（西班牙）很常见，通常包括大杏仁（Cyperus esculentus），作为下一种作物的杂草。甲基溴（MB）是首选的熏蒸剂，可在这种轮作中同时控制疾病和杂草。研究了农作物轮作，其始于大鳞茎（菊苣）（9月至1月），然后是马铃薯（2月至5月）和西瓜（5月至8月）。比较了以下治疗方法：（i）非熏蒸对照; （ii）60克/平方米的标准MB聚乙烯（PE）; （iii）具有几乎不透水的薄膜的甲基溴，重量为30 g / m2; （iv）日晒+粪肥5公斤/平方米; （v）日晒+计量为36克/平方米; （vi）Telone [1,3-二氯丙烯] C35机械用量为40 g / m2; （vii）Telone为18 g / m2 + metam为108 g / m2。与未处理的对照相比，所有处理均能有效控制杂草。只有大鳞茎农作物感染了小核盘菌，并且处理（ii）和（vii）提供了很好的保护。在马铃薯和西瓜作物中未发现特定病原体。

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