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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Sap flow, trunk diameter and plant-water relations parameters as stress indicators of apricot trees.
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Sap flow, trunk diameter and plant-water relations parameters as stress indicators of apricot trees.

机译：汁流，树干直径和植物水关系参数作为杏树的胁迫指标。

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摘要

An experiment was conducted during 1998-2001 in Murcia, Spain, to study continuous and discrete parameters of plant water relations in mature apricot (cv. Buklida) trees and to analyse the physiological basis of these plant-based sensors as well as to determine the most sensitive indicator of plant water deficits. The trees were submitted to two drip irrigation treatments: a control treatment irrigated at 100% of seasonal ETc and a water deficit treatment (WD) irrigated at 50% of the control treatment. The diurnal courses of leaf water potentials, leaf conductance, net photosynthesis, leaf temperature, sap flow and trunk diameter fluctuations were studied throughout one growing season. The deficit treatment showed stomatal regulation as an adaptive mechanisms to drought, which allows plants to regulate water loss more effectively. Leaf temperature values were higher in WD than in the control treatment, and acted as a good stress indicator. Net photosynthesis showed a good correlation with leaf conductance values. In deficit irrigation conditions, osmotic adjustment was not observed. Both leaf water potential and gas exchange parameters were well correlated with evaporative demand of the atmosphere. Trunk diameters oscillate over a 24-h cycle, reaching a maximum value just before sunrise and a minimum sometime in the afternoon. The difference between maximum and minimum values is termed maximum daily shrinkage (MDS). This parameter increased in WD plants during the first period of the growing season, however, when the water stress was accumulated (in the last period of the growing season), MDS shown an important decrease in the water stressed plants respect to the irrigated ones. The sap flow values were lower in the deficit than in the control treatment throughout the growing season, although the greatest differences were observed in spring. Trunk diameter and sap flow showed moderately good correlations with the mean daily ETo in adult apricot trees grown under non-limiting soil water conditions.
机译：1998年至2001年，在西班牙穆尔西亚进行了一项实验，以研究成熟杏（cv。Buklida）树中植物水分关系的连续和离散参数，并分析这些基于植物的传感器的生理基础，并确定植物缺水的最敏感指标。将树木进行两种滴灌处理：以100％季节性ETc灌溉的对照处理和以50％对照处理的水分亏缺处理（WD）。研究了整个一个生长季节叶片水势，叶片电导，净光合作用，叶片温度，树液流量和树干直径波动的昼夜过程。亏缺处理显示出气孔调节是干旱的一种适应机制，可使植物更有效地调节水分流失。 WD中的叶片温度值高于对照处理，并作为良好的胁迫指标。净光合作用与叶片电导值显示出良好的相关性。在灌溉不足的条件下，没有观察到渗透调节。叶片水势和气体交换参数均与大气的蒸发需求密切相关。树干直径在24小时周期内振荡，刚好在日出之前达到最大值，下午则达到最小值。最大值和最小值之间的差异称为最大每日收缩率（MDS）。在生长季节的第一个时期中，WD植物的该参数增加，但是，当水分胁迫累积时（在生长季节的最后一个时期），MDS显示相对于灌溉植物，水分胁迫的植物显着减少。尽管在春季观察到最大的差异，但在整个生长季节中，亏缺的汁液流量均低于对照处理。在非限制性土壤水分条件下生长的成年杏树，树干直径和汁液流量与日平均ETo呈中等程度的良好相关性。

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