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首页> 外文期刊>Climatic Change >Managed retreat as a strategy for climate change adaptation in small communities: public health implications
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Managed retreat as a strategy for climate change adaptation in small communities: public health implications

机译：管理撤退作为小社区气候变化适应的战略：公共卫生影响

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In coming decades, sea level rise associated with climate change will make some communities uninhabitable. Managed retreat, or planned relocation, is a proactive response prior to catastrophic necessity. Managed retreat has disruptive health, sociocultural, and economic impacts on communities that relocate. Health impacts include mental health, social capital, food security, water supply, sanitation, infectious diseases, injury, and health care access. We searched peer-reviewed and gray literature for reports on small island or coastal communities at various stages of relocation primarily due to sea level rise. We reviewed these reports to identify public health impacts and barriers to relocation. We identified eight relevant small communities in the USA (Alaska, Louisiana, and Washington), Panama, Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. Affected populations range from 60 to 2700 persons and are predominantly indigenous people who rely on subsistence fishing and agriculture. Few reports directly addressed public health issues. While some relocations were successful, barriers to relocation in other communities include place attachment, potential loss of livelihoods, and lack of funding, suitable land, community consensus, and governance procedures. Further research is needed on the health impacts of managed retreat and how to facilitate population resilience. Studies could include surveillance of health indicators before and after communities relocate due to sea level rise, drought, or other environmental hazards. Lessons learned may inform relocation of both small and large communities affected by climate change.
机译：在未来几十年中，与气候变化有关的海平面将使一些社区无法居住。管理撤退或计划的重定位是在灾难性必然之前的主动响应。管理撤退对搬迁的社区具有破坏性的健康，社会文化和经济影响。健康影响包括心理健康，社会资本，粮食安全，供水，卫生，传染病，伤害和医疗保健。我们在搬迁的各个阶段搜索了同行评审和灰色文学，以报告小岛或沿海社区主要是由于海平面上升。我们审查了这些报告，以确定搬迁的公共卫生影响和障碍。我们在美国确定了八个相关的小社区（阿拉斯加，路易斯安那州和华盛顿），巴拿马，斐济，巴布亚新几内亚，所罗门群岛和瓦努阿图。受影响人口的范围从60到2700人，主要是土着人民依靠生存渔业和农业。少数报告直接讨论了公共卫生问题。虽然一些迁移成功，但其他社区搬迁的障碍包括依恋，潜在的生计，以及缺乏资金，合适的土地，社区共识和治理程序。需要进一步研究管理撤退的健康影响以及如何促进人口恢复力。研究可能包括在社区迁移之前和之后的健康指标监测，因为海平面上升，干旱或其他环境危害。汲取的经验教训可能会通知搬迁受气候变化影响的小型社区。

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