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Screening and measurement of cognitive impairment in psychiatry

机译：精神病学中认知障碍的筛选与测量

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A key message from the review of cognitive dysfunction in psychiatry published by Millan et al (2012) was not just that cognitive skills are often compromised in patients with psychiatric disorders, but that deficits in specific domains are common to a number of conditions. The review also highlighted that the magnitude of the observed deficits varied across disorders. A helpful element of the Millan et al study was the inclusion of a table in which the authors sought to convey the domains of cognition and a categorization of the magnitude of the observed deficits.In previous articles, we have considered best practice for the assessment of cognition. In these contributions, we have argued not for the use of specific tests, but instead for measures that meet acceptable standards of reliability, validity, and sensitivity. In the course of our discussions, we have included reference to test validity in the context of considering whether selected measures index appropriate domains of cognition. In this article, we begin with a brief discussion of the requirements for good test selection, especially with respect to issues of sensitivity, reliability, and validity. Thereafter the focus of this article is on the issue of domain validity. We will critically review the specification of the cognitive domains proposed by Millan et al, as well as those selected by authors of meta-analyses characterizing cognitive deficits in major depressive disorders. This focus is solely to make the discussion tractable, though we propose that the issues raised will be applicable across all psychiatric and neurological disorders.
机译：来自Millan等人（2012年）发表的精神病学审查的关键消息并不只是对精神疾病患者患者的认知技能通常受到损害，但特定域中的缺陷对于许多条件是常见的。审查还强调了观察到的缺陷的大小在障碍方面变化。 Millan等研究的有用元素是包含一张桌子，其中作者试图传达认知域名和观察到的赤字的大小。在以前的文章中，我们考虑了评估的最佳实践认识。在这些贡献中，我们认为不用于使用特定的测试，而是为了满足可接受的可靠性，有效性和敏感性标准的措施。在我们的讨论过程中，我们在考虑所选措施索引适当的认知域名的上下文中，我们已经参考了测试有效性。在本文中，我们首先介绍了对良好测试选择的要求，特别是关于敏感性，可靠性和有效性的问题。此后本文的重点是域有效性问题。我们将重视Millan等人提出的认知结构域的规范，以及由Meta-Analys作者选择的那些，其特征在于主要抑郁症的认知缺陷。这种重点仅仅是为了使讨论令人遗憾，尽管我们建议提出的问题将适用于所有精神病和神经系统疾病。

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