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Effects of national forest‐management regimes on unprotected forests of the Himalaya

机译：国家森林管理制度对喜马拉雅无保护林的影响

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Abstract >Globally, deforestation continues, and although protected areas effectively protect forests, the majority of forests are not in protected areas. Thus, how effective are different management regimes to avoid deforestation in non‐protected forests? We sought to assess the effectiveness of different national forest‐management regimes to safeguard forests outside protected areas. We compared 2000–2014 deforestation rates across the temperate forests of 5 countries in the Himalaya (Bhutan, Nepal, China, India, and Myanmar) of which 13% are protected. We reviewed the literature to characterize forest management regimes in each country and conducted a quasi‐experimental analysis to measure differences in deforestation of unprotected forests among countries and states in India. Countries varied in both overarching forest‐management goals and specific tenure arrangements and policies for unprotected forests, from policies emphasizing economic development to those focused on forest conservation. Deforestation rates differed up to 1.4% between countries, even after accounting for local determinants of deforestation, such as human population density, market access, and topography. The highest deforestation rates were associated with forest policies aimed at maximizing profits and unstable tenure regimes. Deforestation in national forest‐management regimes that emphasized conservation and community management were relatively low. In India results were consistent with the national‐level results. We interpreted our results in the context of the broader literature on decentralized, community‐based natural resource management, and our findings emphasize that the type and quality of community‐based forestry programs and the degree to which they are oriented toward sustainable use rather than economic development are important for forest prot </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> <div class="translation abstracttxt"> <span class="zhankaihshouqi fivelineshidden" id="abstract"> <span>机译：</span><abstract xmlns =“http://www.wiley.com/namespaces/wiley”type =“main”xml：lang =“en”> <title type =“main”>全球抽象</ title> >森林砍伐仍在继续，虽然受保护的区域有效保护森林，但大多数森林都没有受到保护区。因此，不同的管理制度有多效益，以避免在非保护森林中的砍伐森林？我们试图评估不同国家森林管理制度的有效性，以保护外部保护区的森林。我们将在Himalaya（不丹，尼泊尔，中国，印度和缅甸）的5个国家的温带森林中相比，2000-2014森林森林森林（Bhutan，Nepal，China，India和Myanmar）的森林森林率相得到，其中13％受到保护。我们审查了各个国家的森林管理制度的文献，并进行了准实验分析，以衡量国家和国家在印度国家和国家之间的森林砍伐森林森林差异的差异。在强调经济发展的政策对森林保护的政策中，各国各国均为总体森林管理目标和特定的森林的安排和政策。森林砍伐率在各国之间的差异差异高达1.4％，即使在森林砍伐，如人口密度，市场准入和地形等森林的决定因素之后，也也是如此。最高森林砍伐率与森林政策有关，旨在最大化利润和不稳定的任期制度。强调保护和社区管理的国家森林管理制度森林砍伐相对较低。在印度的结果与国家级别的结果一致。我们解释了我们在更广泛的文学中解释了对基于社区的自然资源管理的更广泛的文学的背景，我们的调查结果强调，社区林业计划的类型和质量以及他们所朝向可持续利用而非经济的程度开发对于森林来说很重要 </span> <span class="z_kbtn z_kbtnclass hoverxs" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> <div class="record"> <h2 class="all_title" id="enpatent33" >著录项</h2> <ul> <li> <span class="lefttit">来源</span> <div style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"> <a href='/journal-foreign-17051/'>《Conservation Biology》</a> <b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>2017年第6期</span><b style="margin: 0 2px;">|</b><span>共12页</span> </div> </li> <li> <div class="author"> <span class="lefttit">作者</span> <p id="fAuthorthree" class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi"> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Brandt Jodi S.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Brandt Jodi S.;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Allendorf Teri&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Allendorf Teri;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Radeloff Volker&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Radeloff Volker;</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Brooks Jeremy&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow">Brooks Jeremy;</a> </p> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zkzz" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </li> <li> <div style="display: flex;"> <span class="lefttit">作者单位</span> <div style="position: relative;margin-left: 3px;max-width: 639px;"> <div class="threelineshidden zhankaihshouqi" id="fOrgthree"> <p>Human‐Environment Systems CenterBoise State UniversityBoise ID 83725 U.S.A.;</p> <p>Forest and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison1630 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 U.S.A.;</p> <p>Forest and Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Wisconsin‐Madison1630 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 U.S.A.;</p> <p>School of Environment and Natural ResourcesThe Ohio State University2021 Coffey Road Columbus OH 43210 U.S.A.;</p> </div> <span class="z_kbtnclass z_kbtnclassall hoverxs" id="zhdw" style="display: none;">展开▼</span> </div> </div> </li> <li > <span class="lefttit">收录信息</span> <span style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;display: inline-block;"></span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">原文格式</span> <span>PDF</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">正文语种</span> <span>eng</span> </li> <li> <span class="lefttit">中图分类</span> <span><a href="https://www.zhangqiaokeyan.com/clc/1957.html" title="环境生物学">环境生物学;</a></span> </li> <li class="antistop"> <span class="lefttit">关键词</span> <p style="width: 86%;vertical-align: text-top;"> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=community‐based forestry&option=203" rel="nofollow">community‐based forestry;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=environmental policy&option=203" rel="nofollow">environmental policy;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=logging ban&option=203" rel="nofollow">logging ban;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Mahalanobis matching&option=203" rel="nofollow">Mahalanobis matching;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=sustainable development&option=203" rel="nofollow">sustainable development;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=desarrollo sustentable&option=203" rel="nofollow">desarrollo sustentable;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=emparejamiento Mahalanobis&option=203" rel="nofollow">emparejamiento Mahalanobis;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=política ambiental&option=203" rel="nofollow">política ambiental;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=prohibición de la tala&option=203" rel="nofollow">prohibición de la tala;</a> <a style="color: #3E7FEB;" href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=silvicultura basada en la comunidad&option=203" rel="nofollow">silvicultura basada en la comunidad;</a> </p> <div class="translation"> 机译：基于社区的林业;环境政策;伐木禁令;Mahalanobis匹配;可持续发展;可持续发展;马哈拉诺比斯配对;环境政策;禁止塔拉;林业基于社区; </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="literature cardcommon"> <div class="similarity "> <h3 class="all_title" id="enpatent66">相似文献</h3> <div class="similaritytab clearfix"> <ul> <li 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H.,</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Sakulich, J.&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">Sakulich, J. </a> <span>2006</span> </span> </div> <p class="zwjiyix translation" style="max-width: initial;height: auto;word-break: break-all;white-space: initial;text-overflow: initial;overflow: initial;"> <span>机译：德克萨斯州瓜达卢佩山国家公园遗址混合针叶林火灾管理的消防制度和森林参考条件。联合消防科学计划的最终报告</span> </p> </li> </ul> <ul style="display: none;"> <li> <div> <b>1. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_tropical-forestry_thesis/0201260574600.html">海南沿海国家特殊保护林带建设"近自然"型森林的探讨</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=韩奉畴&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 韩奉畴</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-7018/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 热带林业 </a> </span> <span> . 2006</span><span>,第003期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>2. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_agriculture-jilin_thesis/020123064178.html">实施森林采伐限额管理制度有效保护国家森林资源</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=王艳华&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 王艳华</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=魏志远&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,魏志远</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=李娟&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,李娟</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-7301/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 吉林农业 </a> </span> <span> . 2015</span><span>,第023期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>3. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_low-carbon-world_thesis/0201290556144.html">征占用生态保护林地对森林植被与植物多样性影响评价初探</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=马士龙&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 马士龙</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=邓志江&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,邓志江</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-9796/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 低碳世界 </a> </span> <span> . 2021</span><span>,第006期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>4. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_forest-fire-prevention_thesis/0201297263791.html">国家林业局开展春季森林防火“三无创优”活动全面推进南方森林防火工作</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . </a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-7027/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 森林防火 </a> </span> <span> . 2006</span><span>,第1期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>5. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-journal-cn_detail_thesis/0201283791036.html">湖北太子山国家森林公园管理制度改革研究</a> <b>[J]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=王瑶&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 王瑶</a> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=米锋&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor">,米锋</a> <span> <a href="/journal-cn-1985/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_authcolor"> . 林业经济问题 </a> </span> <span> . 2014</span><span>,第006期</span> </span> </div> </li> <li> <div> <b>6. </b><a class="enjiyixqcontent" href="/academic-conference-cn_meeting-2319_thesis/02022450624.html">湖北太子山国家森林公园管理制度改革研究</a> <b>[C]</b> <span> <a href="/search.html?doctypes=4_5_6_1-0_4-0_1_2_3_7_9&sertext=Wang Yao&option=202" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="tuijian_auth tuijian_authcolor"> . 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