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首页> 外文期刊>Centaurus: International Magazine of the History of Sciences and Medicine >Rosewater and Philosophers' Oil: Thermo-chemical processing in medieval and early modern Spanish pharmacy
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Rosewater and Philosophers' Oil: Thermo-chemical processing in medieval and early modern Spanish pharmacy

机译：玫瑰泥和哲学家的石油：中世纪和早期现代西班牙药房的热化学加工

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The practices of Galenic pharmacy that dominated the Western pharmaceutical tradition throughout the medieval and early modern periods generally eschewed methods of alchemical processing and the use of high heat. A unique 10th-century Arabic pharmaceutical treatise, the Kitab al Tasrif by al-Zahrawi/Abulcasis, however, discussed thermo-chemical techniques of distillation, calcination, and sublimation at length and would go on to have a major impact on Galenic pharmacy. It included recipes, for example, for two highly important distilled substances - rosewater and Philosophers' Oil - that were copied and revised in Latin texts from the later Middle Ages and early modern Spanish formularies. By the end of the 16th century, these recipes had formed the basis for two new categories of distilled medicines - distilled waters and distilled oils - in Galenic pharmacy. Their inclusion in the Galenic formulary indicates that apothecaries in the Latin West were familiar with and indeed practicing thermo-chemical operations during the medieval and early modern periods.
机译：在整个中世纪和早期现代时期的西方制药传统主导的加长胶药的实践通常避免了炼金术加工和使用高热量的方法。然而，一个独特的10世纪阿拉伯药物论文，Kitab Al Tasrif通过Al-Zahrawi / abulcasis讨论了蒸馏，煅烧和升华时的热化学技术，并继续对Galenic药房产生重大影响。它包括食谱，例如，对于两种非常重要的蒸馏物质 - 玫瑰水下和哲学家的石油 - 从后来中世纪和早期现代西班牙素质的拉丁文文本复制和修订。截至16世纪末，这些食谱已为两种新类蒸馏药 - 蒸馏水和蒸馏油 - 在加长胶药中形成了基础。他们在胶林衣制质中表明拉丁西部的神秘主义者在中世纪和早期现代期间熟悉和实际上练习热化学行动。

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