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Review of Endometriosis Diagnosis through Advances in Biomedical Engineering

机译:通过生物医学工程进步述评子宫内膜异位症诊断

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Endometriosis is characterized as the ectopic presence of endometrium in various locations within the abdominal cavity, such as the fallopian tube, the pouch of Douglas, the ovaries, outside the ovaries, and more. The inner lining of the uterus, endometrium, is a dynamic tissue that undergoes morphological and functional changes cyclically. The proliferation of endometrial cells during menstruation is influenced by increasing circulating estrogen levels. Adult progenitor stem cells are likely responsible for this remarkable regenerative capacity and hence, enhanced capacity to generate endometriosis. This chronic estrogen-dependent disease is characterized by the ectopic endometrial implant. The disorder occurs in 6%–10% of reproductive-aged women and in 35%–50% of women with pelvic pain and infertility. Currently, the preferred diagnostic methods are laparoscopic inspection by transvaginal ultrasound, MRI, and sensors. Diagnoses with transvaginal ultrasound have 92.7% sensitivity and 97% specificity in detecting endometriotic lesions. On average, MRI diagnoses of DIE have 74% sensitivity and 95% specificity. Lastly, chemical sensors have 91.7% sensitivity and 90.0% specificity in detecting endometriosis. The standard of care includes personalizing the treatment plan based on the individual’s set of symptoms and their severity. Advances in biomedical engineering have aided professionals in personalizing the course of treatments as well as to increasing the quality of life of these patients through various therapies for managing pain. Because no one theory provides a full explanation for the manifestation of the disease, hormonal therapies, targeted therapeutics, and surgical options have emerged as elements of disease management. Clinicians are in the process of developing advanced pharmaceutical drugs with specific orphan target receptors of the ectopic tissue. Possible complications that accompany the condition include dyspareunia, hyperalgesia, infertility, an
机译:子宫内膜异位症的特征在于腹腔内各个位置的子宫内膜的异位存在,例如输卵管,道格拉斯小袋,卵巢,卵巢外等。子宫内膜的内衬,子宫内膜是一种动态组织,其经历形态学和功能性变化。月经期间子宫内膜细胞的增殖是通过增加循环雌激素水平的影响。成人祖细胞可能对这种显着的再生能力负责,因此增强了产生子宫内膜异位症的能力。这种慢性雌激素依赖性疾病的特征在于异位子宫内膜植入物。这种疾病发生在6%-10%的生殖年龄女性中,患有盆腔疼痛和不孕症的35%-50%。目前,优选的诊断方法是经阴道超声,MRI和传感器的腹腔镜检查。经阴道超声的诊断具有92.7%的灵敏度和97%的特异性检测子宫内膜病变病变。平均而言,MRI诊断死亡敏感度为74%和95%的特异性。最后,化学传感器的灵敏度为91.7%和90.0%的特异性检测子宫内膜异位症。护理标准包括基于个人症状和严重程度的个性化治疗计划。生物医学工程的进展使专业人士在个性化治疗过程中,并通过各种治疗疼痛的各种疗法提高这些患者的生活质量。因为没有一种理论为疾病,激素疗法,靶向治疗剂和手术选择的表现提供了完整的解释,并且由于疾病管理的要素而出现。临床医生在开发具有异位组织的特定孤儿靶受体的晚期药物药物。伴随条件的可能并发症包括疑难奈,痛觉过敏,不孕症,

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