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首页> 外文期刊>Crop & Pasture Science >The increased hydrocyanic acid in drought-stressed sorghums could be alleviated by plant growth regulators
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The increased hydrocyanic acid in drought-stressed sorghums could be alleviated by plant growth regulators

机译：植物生长调节剂可以缓解干旱胁迫高粱中的增加的氢氰酸

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Droughts not only reduce the biomass of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) but also increase the risk of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) toxicity to animals, mainly due to increased HCN content in drought-stressed plants. In the present study, the variations of HCN contents in 12 sorghum genotypes (10 sweet sorghum cultivars, one Sudangrass and one forage sorghum) were investigated at jointing, filling and ripening stages under rainfed conditions. Next, three genotypes - one sweet sorghum, one Sudangrass and one forage sorghum - were further selected to elucidate the physiological mechanisms of plant growth regulators (PGRs) (abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)) in mitigating the concentrations of HCN in drought-stressed plants in a pot experiment. About 100 mu g/L ABA and 100 mu g/L MeJA were sprayed separately or together twice on drought-stressed (50 and 75% field water capacity) plant leaf. The drought lasted for 15 days. In the field experiment the HCN content in plants reduced from jointing to filling stages then increased from filling to ripening stages in several cultivars. In the pot experiment, drought increased the HCN accumulation and soluble protein content in leaves of all three genotypes. PGRs overall reduced the HCN contents in drought-stressed sweet sorghum and Sudangrass but not in forage sorghum (except in the ABA+MeJA treatment). However, the soluble protein contents were reduced by PGRs in drought-stressed forage sorghum but not in sweet sorghum (except in the ABA+MeJA treatment) and Sudangrass. Both ABA and MeJA increased the plant weights, whereas only MeJA enhanced net photosynthetic rate (P-N) in all three genotypes. PGRs reduced release rate of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in all drought-stressed plants, and reduced the activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in sweet sorghum but not in other two genotypes. These results suggest that exogenous ABA and MeJA could increase plant weight and reduce HCN content in drought-stressed sorghums, with varying physiological responsive mechanisms among sorghum genotypes.
机译：干旱不仅减少了高粱的生物质（高粱双子（L.）烟道），而且还增加了氰化氢（HCN）毒性对动物的风险，主要是由于干旱胁迫植物中的HCN含量增加。在本研究中，在雨量条件下，研究了12升基因型（10次甜高粱品种，10甜高粱品种，一个苏丹草和一个些动物高粱）的含量的变化。接下来，进一步选择三种基因型 - 一种甜高粱，一个苏丹草和一个牧草高粱 - 阐明植物生长调节剂（PGRS）（Asscisic酸（ABA）和茉莉酸甲酯（MEJA））的生理机制在缓解HCN的浓度下在盆栽实验中的干旱强调植物中。在干旱胁迫（50和75％野外水容量）植物叶上单独喷洒约100 mu g / l aba和100 mu g / l meja。干旱持续了15天。在现场实验中，植物中的HCN含量从接合到填充阶段减少，然后从填充到几种品种中填充到成熟阶段。在罐实验中，干旱在所有三种基因型的叶片中增加了HCN积累和可溶性蛋白质含量。 PGR在干旱强调的甜高粱和苏丹草中，但不在饲料高粱（ABA + Meja治疗外）中，整体降低了HCN含量。然而，通过干旱的牧草高粱中的PGR减少了可溶性蛋白质含量，但不含甜心高粱（除了ABA + Meja治疗外）和苏丹草。 ABA和MEJA都增加了植物重量，而仅在所有三种基因型中只有MEJA增强了净光合速率（P-N）。 PGR在所有干旱植物中降低超氧化物和过氧化氢和丙二醛的释放速率，并降低过氧化物酶，超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶和抗坏血液过氧化物酶在甜高粱中的活性，但不在其他两个基因型中。这些结果表明，外源性ABA和MEJA可以增加植物重量并降低干旱强调高粱中的HCN含量，具有变化的高粱基因型中的生理反应机制。

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